Showing papers in "Small Ruminant Research in 2005"

TL;DR: Goat meat has been established as lean meat with favourable nutritional quality, and its attributes are concordant with present day consumer demands for leaner and nutritious meat, and hence should be the basis for promoting the meat.

TL;DR: The potential and constraints to pro-poor goat development in Africa are assessed and good practice in farmer participation, development of farmer organizations, service provision, credit, insurance and marketing are suggested.

TL;DR: This paper will review the available information on the interactions between nutrition and nematode parasitism in dairy or meat goats both in temperate and tropical conditions and will refer to quantitative aspects of the diet as well as to qualitative components (effects of plant secondary metabolites on worm biology).

TL;DR: In the 19th century, a change in the social structure and in production methods was observed as mentioned in this paper, which resulted in a reduction of the goat population in Europe. But the change was shortlived, and by the early 20th century it was forcibly reduced due, inter alia, to stringent laws that discriminated against goats, as a threat to the environment.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that the lower the substrate supply the higher the endogenous CLA synthesis is supported is supported, and guidelines for managing the nutrition of grazing sheep to increase the unsaturated fatty acid content in milk are discussed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that when supplement intakes are known, alkane-based estimates of the supplement proportion in the diet can be used to estimate the intake of all dietary components, without the need to dose animals with synthetic alkanes.

TL;DR: Plant defences are abundant in wooded rangelands but they are not a complete barrier to small ruminants as they often use woody plants as part of their diets, and plants with such defences may represent a significant forage resource enabling smallRuminants to survive on wooded Rangelands with a prolonged dry period when more preferred defenceless species are absent.

TL;DR: The persistence of tracers when animals are stall-fed a concentrate-based diet after pasture, and its implications for traceability are discussed and further directions for research are finally highlightened.

TL;DR: Average daily gain and feed conversion ratio in crossbred lambs improved, but the differences with pure lambs were not significant, and the average weight of shoulder, brisket and loin were higher in crossbreeding than pure breed lambs.

TL;DR: This review of recent research in goat nutrition reveals clear progress in the quality of papers, now similar to those on cattle or sheep, particularly on nutritional aspects in tropical areas, and is short of review papers that provide an analysis of all results already published to establish quantitative relationships between variables.

TL;DR: Oestrous synchronization study on 202 Dorper ewes kept under extensive veld conditions of South Africa during the transition period from the natural breeding to the anoestrus season found no significant differences in terms of oestrous response, time to onset of ostrus and the duration of induced oestrus due to differences in the type of progestagen sponges or time and route of PMSG administration.

TL;DR: The effect of vacuum and three different modified atmospheres (MA) on rancidity, colour as CIE L * (lightness), a * (redness) and b * (yellowness) values, sensorial colour, sensual odour and microbial content was studied in lamb meat as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Biodiversity in the goat is within the range of that in other farm animal species, and among-breed variability was lowest in Europe and highest in Africa.

TL;DR: Twenty-four male Comisana lambs aged 85 d were assigned to one of three treatments (control, sulla and PEG) with the aim to eliminate the effects of condensed tannins from sulla.

TL;DR: This chapter constitutes an update of recent developments in the field of assisted reproduction, including collection and handling of gametes, in vitro fertilization, oestrus control, embryo transfer, conservation and manipulation ofgametes and embryos, transgenesis and pregnancy detection.

TL;DR: It appears that 18–20% ADF or 41% NDF is nutritionally adequate for high producing lactating dairy goats, and for growing goats between 4 and 8 months of age, 23%ADF is recommended.

TL;DR: The main criteria that enable the control of milk quality criteria that are included in a payment system based on goat milk quality, with regard to hygienic quality and the technological and sensorial impacts on the final products are presented.

TL;DR: More research is needed to evaluate goat breed, forage species, stage of forage maturity, condensed tannins, and supplementation effects on nutrient utilization by finishing goats.

TL;DR: The incidence of Brucella-specific abortion was investigated in goat herds located in the northern part of Jordan and the prevalence of brucellosis in goats was significantly higher than previously reported.

TL;DR: Assessment of effects of stocking rate (SR) on grazing behavior and energy expenditure (EE) by growing sheep and goat wethers co-grazing grass/forb pastures found grazing time during daylight was similar between species, although idle time was greater for sheep and goats, and the number of steps increased linearly as SR increased.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of the attributes of the goat as an efficient producer of meat under harsh environments and highlight some particular conditions illustrated by data coming from different parts of the world, which can be classified as having harsh environments.

TL;DR: The results indicate that oestrous synchronisation with progestagen is efficient and the duration of the induced oestrus is shorter in Nguni does than in Boer goat does, and litter size reduces birth weight and survival rate of indigenous South African goat kids.

TL;DR: The aim of the current study was to estimate genetic parameters for birth weight, weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW), average daily gain from birth to weaning (ADG) and greasy fleece weight at first shearing (GFW), which are essential to design a selection programme for Turkish Merino sheep.

TL;DR: In this paper, the challenges, successes and other experiences of these two Kenyan projects are presented and illustrated by way of a case study as to how simple participatory approaches can actually lead to significant improvement in the livelihoods of the rural resource poor families.

TL;DR: Investigation of changes in composition of goat milk during lactation and their effects on the sensory quality and yield of hard and semi-hard cheeses indicated need to adjust cheese making procedures over the duration of lactation to increase milk nutrient recoveries and thus increase cheese yield.

TL;DR: Results obtained indicated that dairy goat breed did not affect cheese composition, sensory scores, and fatty acid concentrations, but milk from Nubian goats resulted in a much higher cheese yield and a lower oleic acid concentration.

TL;DR: It was concluded that supplementation of free-browsing or stall-fed Barbarine lambs on atriplex with energy source is necessary and both barley and cactus supply improved lamb performance.

TL;DR: The results suggest that ≤10 ppm dietary Se as selenite is not toxic to wether lambs when fed for 1 year, and it seems plausible, therefore, to consider the maximum tolerable level of Se asSe for sheep to be considerably higher than 2 ppM as previously suggested.

TL;DR: Effects of SR on performance and forage selectivity of growing sheep and goat wethers co-grazing grass/forb pastures suggests that decreasing forage availability with increasing SR may not have been primarily or solely responsible for the effect on ADG by limiting DM intake.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the degradability of tumbleweed hay harvested at three stages by chemical composition, in vitro (gas production) and in situ dry matter degradation methods.