Journal ArticleDOI
A global measure of perceived stress.
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TLDR
The Perceived Stress Scale showed adequate reliability and, as predicted, was correlated with life-event scores, depressive and physical symptomatology, utilization of health services, social anxiety, and smoking-reduction maintenance and was a better predictor of the outcome in question than were life- event scores.Abstract:
This paper presents evidence from three samples, two of college students and one of participants in a community smoking-cessation program, for the reliability and validity of a 14-item instrument, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful. The PSS showed adequate reliability and, as predicted, was correlated with life-event scores, depressive and physical symptomatology, utilization of health services, social anxiety, and smoking-reduction maintenance. In all comparisons, the PSS was a better predictor of the outcome in question than were life-event scores. When compared to a depressive symptomatology scale, the PSS was found to measure a different and independently predictive construct. Additional data indicate adequate reliability and validity of a four-item version of the PSS for telephone interviews. The PSS is suggested for examining the role of nonspecific appraised stress in the etiology of disease and behavioral disorders and as an outcome measure of experienced levels of stress.read more
Citations
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Reliability and concurrent validity of three visual-analogue mood scales
David F. Cella,Samuel Perry +1 more
TL;DR: Test-retest reliability coefficients, correlations within analogue scales, and correlations between analogue scales and standardized measures of anxiety, depression, and distress provided preliminary evidence to support the use of visual-analogue scales when other standard measures are infeasible.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parent and Child Traits Associated with Overparenting
TL;DR: For example, this article found that parental anxiety was positively associated with overparenting, and that regret had an indirect effect on over-parenting through greater anxiety in young adult children.
Journal ArticleDOI
Randomised controlled pilot trial of mindfulness training for stress reduction during pregnancy
Christine M. Guardino,Christine Dunkel Schetter,Julienne E. Bower,Michael C. Lu,Susan L. Smalley +4 more
TL;DR: Some evidence that mindfulness training during pregnancy may effectively reduce PRA and worry is provided and some of the dilemmas in pursuing this translational strategy are discussed and suggestions are offered for researchers interested in conducting mind-body interventions during pregnancy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Attenuated adrenocorticotropic responses to psychological stress are associated with early smoking relapse
TL;DR: Cox proportional hazards survival analysis showed that attenuated ACTH, plasma cortisol, systolic and diastolic BP, positive affect, and exaggerated withdrawal symptoms and smoking urges during acute stress predicted early relapse.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and weight gain in adulthood and telomere length.
Sangmi Kim,Christine G. Parks,Lisa A. DeRoo,Honglei Chen,Jack A. Taylor,Richard M. Cawthon,Dale P. Sandler +6 more
TL;DR: Findings support the hypothesis that obesity may accelerate aging, and highlight the importance of maintaining a desirable weight in adulthood, by examining the association between current and past anthropometric characteristics and telomere length in blood.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
TL;DR: The CES-D scale as discussed by the authors is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, which has been used in household interview surveys and in psychiatric settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
The stress process.
TL;DR: This study takes involuntary job disruptions as illustrating life events and shows how they adversely affect enduring role strains, economic strains in particular, which erode positive concepts of self, such as self-esteem and mastery.