Journal ArticleDOI
A global measure of perceived stress.
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TLDR
The Perceived Stress Scale showed adequate reliability and, as predicted, was correlated with life-event scores, depressive and physical symptomatology, utilization of health services, social anxiety, and smoking-reduction maintenance and was a better predictor of the outcome in question than were life- event scores.Abstract:
This paper presents evidence from three samples, two of college students and one of participants in a community smoking-cessation program, for the reliability and validity of a 14-item instrument, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful. The PSS showed adequate reliability and, as predicted, was correlated with life-event scores, depressive and physical symptomatology, utilization of health services, social anxiety, and smoking-reduction maintenance. In all comparisons, the PSS was a better predictor of the outcome in question than were life-event scores. When compared to a depressive symptomatology scale, the PSS was found to measure a different and independently predictive construct. Additional data indicate adequate reliability and validity of a four-item version of the PSS for telephone interviews. The PSS is suggested for examining the role of nonspecific appraised stress in the etiology of disease and behavioral disorders and as an outcome measure of experienced levels of stress.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Randomized controlled trial of yogic meditation techniques for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
David S. Shannahoff-Khalsa,Leslie E. Ray,Saul Levine,Christopher C. Gallen,Barry J. Schwartz,John J. Sidorowich +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that kundalini yoga techniques are effective in the treatment of OCD by comparing efficacy of two meditation protocols for treating patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perfectionism, Perceived Stress, Drinking to Cope, and Alcohol-Related Problems Among College Students
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the association between perfectionism (categorized by adaptive, maladaptive, or nonperfectionistic groups), perceived stress, drinking alcohol to cope, and alcohol-related problems in a large sample of college students.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing Lifetime Stress Exposure Using the Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adults (Adult STRAIN): An Overview and Initial Validation
TL;DR: The first online system for systematically assessing lifetime stress exposure, called the Stress and Adversity Inventory (STRAIN), is developed and initial validation is described, showing good usability and acceptability; very good concurrent, discriminant, and predictive validity; and excellent test-retest reliability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acute stress exposure prior to influenza vaccination enhances antibody response in women
Kate M. Edwards,Victoria E. Burns,Tracy Reynolds,Douglas Carroll,Mark T. Drayson,Christopher Ring +5 more
TL;DR: Preliminary evidence that acute stress can enhance the antibody response to vaccination in humans is provided, with women in both the exercise and mental stress conditions showing higher antibody titres at both 4 and 20 weeks than those in the control condition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of a modified cognitive-behavioural programme for weight management.
L Rapoport,M Clark,Jane Wardle +2 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that treatment based on the new weight-control paradigm which emphasizes sustained lifestyle change without emphasis on dieting, can produce modest benefits to health and well-being.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
TL;DR: The CES-D scale as discussed by the authors is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, which has been used in household interview surveys and in psychiatric settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
The stress process.
TL;DR: This study takes involuntary job disruptions as illustrating life events and shows how they adversely affect enduring role strains, economic strains in particular, which erode positive concepts of self, such as self-esteem and mastery.