Journal ArticleDOI
A global measure of perceived stress.
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TLDR
The Perceived Stress Scale showed adequate reliability and, as predicted, was correlated with life-event scores, depressive and physical symptomatology, utilization of health services, social anxiety, and smoking-reduction maintenance and was a better predictor of the outcome in question than were life- event scores.Abstract:
This paper presents evidence from three samples, two of college students and one of participants in a community smoking-cessation program, for the reliability and validity of a 14-item instrument, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), designed to measure the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful. The PSS showed adequate reliability and, as predicted, was correlated with life-event scores, depressive and physical symptomatology, utilization of health services, social anxiety, and smoking-reduction maintenance. In all comparisons, the PSS was a better predictor of the outcome in question than were life-event scores. When compared to a depressive symptomatology scale, the PSS was found to measure a different and independently predictive construct. Additional data indicate adequate reliability and validity of a four-item version of the PSS for telephone interviews. The PSS is suggested for examining the role of nonspecific appraised stress in the etiology of disease and behavioral disorders and as an outcome measure of experienced levels of stress.read more
Citations
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The Integrative Human Microbiome Project: dynamic analysis of microbiome-host omics profiles during periods of human health and disease.
Atul J. Butte,Null Null +1 more
TL;DR: The three models of microbiome-associated human conditions, on the dynamics of preterm birth, inflammatory bowel disease, and type 2 diabetes, and their underlying hypotheses are described, as well as the multi-omic data types to be collected, integrated, and distributed through public repositories as a community resource.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress, social support and health-related behavior: A study of smoking, alcohol consumption and physical exercise
TL;DR: The exam-stress group reported significant increases in perceived stress and emotional distress between baseline and exam sessions, but responses were not affected by social support availability, and the role of social support in moderating responses was discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stress Pathways to Spontaneous Preterm Birth: The Role of Stressors, Psychological Distress, and Stress Hormones
Michael S. Kramer,John E. Lydon,Louise Séguin,Lise Goulet,Susan R. Kahn,Helen McNamara,Jacques Genest,Clément Dassa,Moy Fong Chen,Shakti Sharma,Michael J. Meaney,Steven Thomson,Stan Van Uum,Gideon Koren,Mourad Dahhou,Julie Lamoureux,Robert W. Platt +16 more
TL;DR: Neither maternal plasma CRH, hair cortisol, nor placental histopathologic features of infection/inflammation, infarction, or maternal vasculopathy were significantly associated with pregnancy-related anxiety or any other stress or distress measure, suggesting the biologic pathways underlying stress-induced preterm birth remain poorly understood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Burnout in sport: A systematic review
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the literature on burnout in sport can be found in this article, where a total of 58 published studies were assessed, most of which focused on athletes and coaches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Life Tasks, Self-Concept Ideals, and Cognitive Strategies in a Life Transition
TL;DR: Cantor et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the impact of students' actual-ideal self-discrepancies on subjective stress and satisfaction in achievement and inter-personal life-task domains and suggest that self-concept discrepancy negatively affects adjustment in the achievement domain and positively affects social outcomes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
TL;DR: The CES-D scale as discussed by the authors is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, which has been used in household interview surveys and in psychiatric settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
The stress process.
TL;DR: This study takes involuntary job disruptions as illustrating life events and shows how they adversely affect enduring role strains, economic strains in particular, which erode positive concepts of self, such as self-esteem and mastery.