Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review of personality trait change through intervention.
TLDR
Empirical studies identified 207 studies that had tracked changes in measures of personality traits during interventions, including true experiments and prepost change designs, and found that personality traits changed the most, and patients being treated for substance use changed the least.Abstract:
The current meta-analysis investigated the extent to which personality traits changed as a result of intervention, with the primary focus on clinical interventions. We identified 207 studies that had tracked changes in measures of personality traits during interventions, including true experiments and prepost change designs. Interventions were associated with marked changes in personality trait measures over an average time of 24 weeks (e.g., d = .37). Additional analyses showed that the increases replicated across experimental and nonexperimental designs, for nonclinical interventions, and persisted in longitudinal follow-ups of samples beyond the course of intervention. Emotional stability was the primary trait domain showing changes as a result of therapy, followed by extraversion. The type of therapy employed was not strongly associated with the amount of change in personality traits. Patients presenting with anxiety disorders changed the most, and patients being treated for substance use changed the least. The relevance of the results for theory and social policy are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Recordread more
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Posted Content
Meta-Regression Methods for Detecting and Estimating Empirical Effects in the Presence of Publication Selection
TL;DR: This study investigates the small‐sample performance of meta‐regression methods for detecting and estimating genuine empirical effects in research literatures tainted by publication selection and finds them to be robust against publication selection.
Book ChapterDOI
Long-Term Outcome
TL;DR: In this chapter, the evidence for an effect of such treatment on long-term outcome is considered, and it is attempted to distinguish changes that are simply a part of the natural history of the disorder from those that are truly associated with therapeutic intervention.
Journal ArticleDOI
From needs to goals and representations: Foundations for a unified theory of motivation, personality, and development.
TL;DR: The theory begins by specifying basic needs and by suggesting how, as people pursue need-fulfilling goals, they build mental representations of their experiences that serve as the basis of both motivation and personality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrating Personality Structure, Personality Process, and Personality Development:
Anna Baumert,Anna Baumert,Manfred Schmitt,Marco Perugini,Wendy Johnson,Gabriela Blum,Peter Borkenau,Giulio Costantini,Jaap J. A. Denissen,William Fleeson,Ben Grafton,Eranda Jayawickreme,Elena Kurzius,Colin MacLeod,Lynn C. Miller,Stephen J. Read,Brent W. Roberts,Brent W. Roberts,Michael D. Robinson,Dustin Wood,Cornelia Wrzus +20 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that personality processes, personality structure, and personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order to provide comprehensive information.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined clinically significant change as the extent to which therapy moves someone outside the range of the dysfunctional population or within the ranges of the functional population, and proposed a reliable change index (RC) to determine whether the magnitude of change for a given client is statistically reliable.
Journal ArticleDOI
The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results
TL;DR: Quantitative procedures for computing the tolerance for filed and future null results are reported and illustrated, and the implications are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials
Jonathan A C Sterne,Alex J. Sutton,John P. A. Ioannidis,Norma Terrin,David R. Jones,Joseph Lau,James R. Carpenter,Gerta Rücker,Roger M. Harbord,Christopher H. Schmid,Jennifer Tetzlaff,Jonathan J Deeks,Jaime Peters,Petra Macaskill,Guido Schwarzer,Sue Duval,Douglas G. Altman,David Moher,Julian P T Higgins +18 more
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