Journal ArticleDOI
Aging reactions in a 17-4 PH stainless steel
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TLDR
In this paper, microstructural development and aging reactions in a commercial 17-4 PH (precipitation hardening) stainless steel have been investigated, and it is found that after solution treatment, the steel produces a uniform matrix, which consists chiefly of lath martensite with micro-twins.About:
This article is published in Materials Chemistry and Physics.The article was published on 2002-03-01. It has received 303 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Austenite & Martensite.read more
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Recent developments in stainless steels
Abstract: This article presents an overview of the developments in stainless steels made since the 1990s. Some of the new applications that involve the use of stainless steel are also introduced. A brief introduction to the various classes of stainless steels, their precipitate phases and the status quo of their production around the globe is given first. The advances in a variety of subject areas that have been made recently will then be presented. These recent advances include (1) new findings on the various precipitate phases (the new J phase, new orientation relationships, new phase diagram for the Fe–Cr system, etc.); (2) new suggestions for the prevention/mitigation of the different problems and new methods for their detection/measurement and (3) new techniques for surface/bulk property enhancement (such as laser shot peening, grain boundary engineering and grain refinement). Recent developments in topics like phase prediction, stacking fault energy, superplasticity, metadynamic recrystallisation and the calculation of mechanical properties are introduced, too. In the end of this article, several new applications that involve the use of stainless steels are presented. Some of these are the use of austenitic stainless steels for signature authentication (magnetic recording), the utilisation of the cryogenic magnetic transition of the sigma phase for hot spot detection (the Sigmaplugs), the new Pt-enhanced radiopaque stainless steel (PERSS) coronary stents and stainless steel stents that may be used for magnetic drug targeting. Besides recent developments in conventional stainless steels, those in the high-nitrogen, low-Ni (or Ni-free) varieties are also introduced. These recent developments include new methods for attaining very high nitrogen contents, new guidelines for alloy design, the merits/demerits associated with high nitrogen contents, etc.
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Steels in additive manufacturing: A review of their microstructure and properties
Priyanshu Bajaj,Avinash Hariharan,Anoop Kini,Philipp Kürnsteiner,Dierk Raabe,Eric Aimé Jägle +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of the different kinds of steels in use in fusion-based AM processes and present their microstructures, their mechanical and corrosion properties, their heat treatments and their intended applications.
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Effect of retained austenite on subsequent thermal processing and resultant mechanical properties of selective laser melted 17–4 PH stainless steel
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of aging on mechanical performance with or without a prior solution heat treatment was evaluated with a volumetric fraction of metastable austenite, which was found to vary with heat treatments performed and the initial conditions from which aging was initiated.
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Additive Manufacturing of 17-4 PH Stainless Steel: Post-processing Heat Treatment to Achieve Uniform Reproducible Microstructure
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of post-build thermal processing on the material microstructure was studied in comparison to that of conventionally produced wrought 17-4 precipitation hardenable (PH) stainless steel with the intention of creating a more uniform, fully martensitic micro-structure.
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3D structural and atomic-scale analysis of lath martensite: Effect of the transformation sequence
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-probe methodology is developed and applied to low-carbon lath martensitic model alloys to improve the fundamental understanding of the multi-scale characteristics of microstructures and their micro-mechanical properties, which is based on the joint employment of electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atom probe tomography (APT), in conjunction with high precision and large field-of-view 3D serial sectioning.
References
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Worked Examples in the Geometry of Crystals
TL;DR: Worked examples in the geometry of crystals, Worked examples as mentioned in this paper, work in the geodesic geometry of crystal, work in geometry of crystalline objects, and work in geometric geometry of polygonal structures.
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Precipitation and Phase Transformation of Copper Particles in Low Alloy Ferritic and Martensitic Steels
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of matrix microstructures on age-hardening behavior in copper containing steels, the precipitation and the phase transformation of copper particles during isothermal aging were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and AP-FIM.
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The morphology and crystallography of Ferrous lath martensite. Studies of Fe-20%Ni-5%Mn—II. Transmission electron microscopy
K. Wakasa,C.M. Wayman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a transmission electron microscopy study of the isothermal lath type martensite in an Fe-20%Ni-5%Mn alloy was performed.
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The Influence of Plastic Deformation and Cooling Rates on the Microstructural Constituents of an Ultra-low Carbon Bainitic Steel
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental ultra-low carbon bainitic steel was prepared to investigate the effect of a prior compressive deformation on the morphology of the transformation procuct during continuous cooling.
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Age Hardening in Martensitic/Bainitic Matrices in a Copper-Bearing Steel
C. N. Hsiao,Jing-lan Yang +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of matrix microstructures on age-hardening behavior in a copper-bearing steel, NAK 80, the phase transformation of austenite (during a variety of continuous cooling treatments) and the consequent precipitation of copper particles (during isothermal aging) were investigated by dilatometry, optical metallography, hardness measurement, transmission electron microscopy, and field-emission-gun transmission electron microscope (FEG-TEM).