An approach for the identification of exemplar sites for scaling up targeted field observations of benthic biogeochemistry in heterogeneous environments
Charlotte Thompson,B. Silburn,M. E. Williams,Tom Hull,D. B. Sivyer,Laurent O. Amoudry,Steve Widdicombe,Jeroen Ingels,Giorgia Carnovale,C. L. McNeill,Rachel Hale,C. Laguionie Marchais,Natalie Hicks,Helen E. K. Smith,J. K. Klar,J. K. Klar,Jan G. Hiddink,J. Kowalik,Vassilis Kitidis,S. Reynolds,E.M.S. Woodward,Karen Tait,William B. Homoky,Silke Kröger,Stefan G. Bolam,Jasmin A. Godbold,Jasmin A. Godbold,J. N. Aldridge,Daniel J. Mayor,Noëlie M. A. Benoist,Brian J. Bett,Kirsty J. Morris,E. R. Parker,Henry A. Ruhl,Peter J. Statham,Martin Solan +35 more
TLDR
A three-step selection process is proposed to ensure the best likelihood of site-specific work being useful for up-scaling activities, increasing the understanding of benthic biogeochemistry at the UK-shelf scale.Abstract:
Continental shelf sediments are globally important for biogeochemical activity. Quantification of shelf-scale stocks and fluxes of carbon and nutrients requires the extrapolation of observations made at limited points in space and time. The procedure for selecting exemplar sites to form the basis of this up-scaling is discussed in relation to a UK-funded research programme investigating biogeochemistry in shelf seas. A three-step selection process is proposed in which (1) a target area representative of UK shelf sediment heterogeneity is selected, (2) the target area is assessed for spatial heterogeneity in sediment and habitat type, bed and water column structure and hydrodynamic forcing, and (3) study sites are selected within this target area encompassing the range of spatial heterogeneity required to address key scientific questions regarding shelf scale biogeochemistry, and minimise confounding variables. This led to the selection of four sites within the Celtic Sea that are significantly different in terms of their sediment, bed structure, and macrofaunal, meiofaunal and microbial community structures and diversity, but have minimal variations in water depth, tidal and wave magnitudes and directions, temperature and salinity. They form the basis of a research cruise programme of observation, sampling and experimentation encompassing the spring bloom cycle. Typical variation in key biogeochemical, sediment, biological and hydrodynamic parameters over a pre to post bloom period are presented, with a discussion of anthropogenic influences in the region. This methodology ensures the best likelihood of site-specific work being useful for up-scaling activities, increasing our understanding of benthic biogeochemistry at the UK-shelf scale.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global carbon cycling on a heterogeneous seafloor
Paul V. R. Snelgrove,Karline Soetaert,Martin Solan,Simon F. Thrush,Chih-Lin Wei,Roberto Danovaro,Robinson W. Fulweiler,Hiroshi Kitazato,Baban Ingole,Alf Norkko,Alf Norkko,R. John Parkes,Nils Volkenborn +12 more
TL;DR: This work compares global carbon turnover rates estimated using models grounded in biological versus geochemical theory and argues that the turnover estimates based on each perspective yield divergent outcomes.
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Fluorometric analysis of chlorophyll a in the presence of chlorophyll b and pheopigments
TL;DR: In this paper, a fluorometric method is described which provides sensitive measurements of extracted chlorophyll a free from the errors associated with conventional acidification techniques, while maintaining desensitized responses from both Chl b and pheopigments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stability of dissolved and soluble Fe(II) in shelf sediment pore waters and release to an oxic water column.
J. K. Klar,J. K. Klar,William B. Homoky,Peter J. Statham,Antony J. Birchill,E Harris,E.M.S. Woodward,B. Silburn,Mark E. Cooper,Rachael H. James,Douglas P. Connelly,F. Chever,Anna Lichtschlag,Carolyn Graves +13 more
TL;DR: Modelling indicates significant diffusive fluxes of Fe(II) (on the order of 23–31 µmol m−2 day−1) are possible during late spring when oxygen penetration depths are shallow, and pore water Fe(I) concentrations are highest, and oxic continental shelves can supply dFe to the water column.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature Driven Changes in Benthic Bacterial Diversity Influences Biogeochemical Cycling in Coastal Sediments.
Natalie Hicks,Xuan Liu,Richard Gregory,John Kenny,Anita Lucaci,Luca Lenzi,David M. Paterson,Katherine R. Duncan,Katherine R. Duncan +8 more
TL;DR: A manipulative mesocosm experiment was employed, using next-generation sequencing to assess changes in microbial communities under future environmental change scenarios and revealed Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria dominated the total bacterial community of sediment samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Benthic-based contributions to climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Martin Solan,Elena M. Bennett,Peter J. Mumby,Julian Leyland,Jasmin A. Godbold,Jasmin A. Godbold +5 more
TL;DR: It is argued that this position ignores the importance of complex ecological interactions across a range of temporal and spatial scales and misses the substantive contribution from marine ecosystems, which are notably absent from most climate mitigation and adaptation strategies that extend beyond coastal disaster management.
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