Analysis of the Global Microwave Polarization Data of Clouds
Xiping Zeng,Gail Skofronick-Jackson,Lin Tian,Amber E. Emory,William S. Olson,Rachael Kroodsma,Rachael Kroodsma +6 more
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In this article, the same authors analyzed four years of GMI and CloudSat data to find polarized difference (PD) signals not affected by the surface, thereby obtaining the information on ice particles.Abstract:
Information about the characteristics of ice particles in clouds is necessary for improving our understanding of the states, processes, and subsequent modeling of clouds and precipitation for numerical weather prediction and climate analysis. Two NASA passive microwave radiometers, the satellite-borne Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) and the aircraft-borne Conical Scanning Millimeter-Wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR), measure vertically and horizontally polarized microwaves emitted by clouds (including precipitating particles) and Earth’s surface below. In this paper, GMI (or CoSMIR) data are analyzed with CloudSat (or aircraft-borne radar) data to find polarized difference (PD) signals not affected by the surface, thereby obtaining the information on ice particles. Statistical analysis of 4 years of GMI and CloudSat data, for the first time, reveals that optically thick clouds contribute positively to GMI PD at 166GHz over all the latitudes and their positive magnitude of 166-GHz GMI PD varies little with latitude. This result suggests that horizontally oriented ice crystals in thick clouds are common from the tropics to high latitudes, which contrasts the result of Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) that horizontally oriented ice crystals are rare in optically thin ice clouds.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Microwave and submillimeter wave scattering of oriented ice particles
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the polarization signals are caused by oriented ice particles with a fixed but arbitrary tilt angle, and they produce polarized data for two particle habits (51 hexagonal plates and 18 plate aggregates), 35 frequencies between 1 and 864 GHz, and 3 temperatures ( 190, 230, and 270 K ).
Journal ArticleDOI
Linkage among ice crystal microphysics, mesoscale dynamics, and cloud and precipitation structures revealed by collocated microwave radiometer and multifrequency radar observations
Jie Gong,Jie Gong,Xiping Zeng,Dong L. Wu,S. Joseph Munchak,Xiaowen Li,Xiaowen Li,Stefan Kneifel,Davide Ori,Liang Liao,Liang Liao,Donifan Barahona +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the dynamic/thermodynamic mechanisms and cloud/precipitation structures associated with ice-phase microphysics corresponding to different PD signals and found that high-frequency Polarimetric radiance difference (PD) from passive microwave sensors is a good indicator of the bulk aspect ratio of horizontally oriented ice particles that are often occur inside anvil clouds and/or stratiform precipitations.
Book ChapterDOI
A review of south pacific tropical cyclones : impacts of natural climate variability and climate change
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined tropical cyclone data quality for the South Pacific basin and then reviewed the robustness of the relationship between South Pacific tropical cyclones and drivers of natural climate variability.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Parameterization of the Cloud Scattering Polarization Signal Derived From GPM Observations for Microwave Fast Radative Transfer Models
TL;DR: One year of GMI observations is analyzed to propose a cloud scattering polarization parameterization of the PD-TB relationship, capable of reconstructing the PD signal from simulated TBs, and the atmospheric radiative transfer simulator (ARTS) is coupled with the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model, in order to apply the proposed parameterization to the RT simulatedTBs.
Journal ArticleDOI
An efficiently-designed wideband single-metalens with high-efficiency and wide-angle focusing for passive millimeter-wave focal plane array imaging.
TL;DR: This single-metalens design can greatly mitigate the Seidel aberrations by a rational allocation of amplitude-phase of the electromagnetic waves by performing high-efficiency diffraction-limited wideband focusing over a wide-angle FOV.
References
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Book
Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on one major aspect of cloud microphysics, which involves the processes that lead to the formation of individual cloud and precipitation particles, and provide an account of the major characteristics of atmospheric aerosol particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
The CloudSat mission and the A-train: a new dimension of space-based observations of clouds and precipitation
Graeme L. Stephens,Deborah G. Vane,Ronald J. Boain,Gerald G. Mace,Kenneth Sassen,Zhien Wang,Anthony J. Illingworth,Ewan O'Connor,William B. Rossow,Stephen L. Durden,Steven D. Miller,Richard T. Austin,Angela Benedetti,Cristian Mitrescu +13 more
TL;DR: CloudSat as discussed by the authors is a satellite experiment designed to measure the vertical structure of clouds from space, and once launched, CloudSat will orbit in formation as part of a constellation of satellites (the A-Train) that includes NASA's Aqua and Aura satellites, a NASA-CNES lidar satellite (CALIPSO), and a CNES satellite carrying a polarimeter (PARASOL).
Journal ArticleDOI
The Global Precipitation Measurement Mission
Arthur Y. Hou,Ramesh K. Kakar,Steven P. Neeck,Ardeshir A. Azarbarzin,Christian D. Kummerow,Masahiro Kojima,Riko Oki,Kenji Nakamura,Toshio Iguchi +8 more
TL;DR: The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission is an international satellite mission specifically designed to set a new standard for the measurement of precipitation from space and to provide a new generation of global rainfall and snowfall observations in all parts of the world every 3 h as discussed by the authors.
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Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation
Journal ArticleDOI
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Gail Skofronick-Jackson,Walter A. Petersen,Wesley Berg,Chris Kidd,Erich Franz Stocker,Dalia Kirschbaum,Ramesh K. Kakar,Scott A. Braun,George J. Huffman,Toshio Iguchi,Pierre Kirstetter,Christian D. Kummerow,Robert Meneghini,Riko Oki,William S. Olson,Yukari N. Takayabu,Kinji Furukawa,Thomas T. Wilheit +17 more
TL;DR: The GPM mission collects essential rain and snow data for scientific studies and societal benefit and aims to provide real-time information about rainfall and snowfall to improve understanding of climate change.
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