Antisense-induced exon skipping and synthesis of dystrophin in the mdx mouse
Christopher J. Mann,K. Honeyman,Andy J. Cheng,Tina Ly,Frances Lloyd,Sue Fletcher,Jennifer E. Morgan,T. Partridge,Stephen D. Wilton +8 more
TLDR
This approach should reduce the severity of DMD by allowing a dystrophic gene transcript to be modified, such that it can be translated into a Becker-dystrophin-like protein.Abstract:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe muscle wasting disease arising from defects in the dystrophin gene, typically nonsense or frameshift mutations, that preclude the synthesis of a functional protein. A milder, allelic version of the disease, Becker muscular dystrophy, generally arises from in-frame deletions that allow synthesis of a shorter but still semifunctional protein. Therapies to introduce functional dystrophin into dystrophic tissue through either cell or gene replacement have not been successful to date. We report an alternative approach where 2′-O-methyl antisense oligoribonucleotides have been used to modify processing of the dystrophin pre-mRNA in the mdx mouse model of DMD. By targeting 2′-O-methyl antisense oligoribonucleotides to block motifs involved in normal dystrophin pre-mRNA splicing, we induced excision of exon 23, and the mdx nonsense mutation, without disrupting the reading frame. Exon 23 skipping was first optimized in vitro in transfected H-2Kb-tsA58 mdx myoblasts and then induced in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated the synthesis and correct subsarcolemmal localization of dystrophin and γ-sarcoglycan in the mdx mouse after intramuscular delivery of antisense oligoribonucleotide:liposome complexes. This approach should reduce the severity of DMD by allowing a dystrophic gene transcript to be modified, such that it can be translated into a Becker-dystrophin-like protein.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dystrophin and mutations: one gene, several proteins, multiple phenotypes
TL;DR: Current understanding of the genotype-phenotype relation for mutations in the dystrophin gene and their implications for gene functions are focused on.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vivo genome editing improves muscle function in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Christopher E. Nelson,Chady H. Hakim,David G. Ousterout,Pratiksha I. Thakore,Eirik A. Moreb,Ruth M. Castellanos Rivera,Sarina Madhavan,Xiufang Pan,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,Winston X. Yan,Winston X. Yan,Winston X. Yan,Aravind Asokan,Feng Zhang,Dongsheng Duan,Charles A. Gersbach +16 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an adeno-associated virus was used to deliver the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 system to the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) to remove the mutated exon 23 from the dystrophin gene.
In vivo genome editing improves muscle function in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Christopher E. Nelson,Chady H. Hakim,David G. Ousterout,Pratiksha I. Thakore,Eirik A. Moreb,Ruth M. Castellanos Rivera,Sarina Madhavan,X. Pan,F. A. Ran,Winston X. Yan,Aravind Asokan,Feng Zhang,Dongsheng Duan,Charles A. Gersbach +13 more
TL;DR: This work establishes CRISPR-Cas9–based genome editing as a potential therapy to treat DMD and partially restored dystrophin protein expression in skeletal and cardiac muscle and improved skeletal muscle function.
Journal Article
Antisense Oligonucleotides: Basic Concepts and Mechanisms
Nathalie Dias,Cy A. Stein +1 more
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the use of short fragments of nucleic acid, commonly called oligonucleotides, either as therapeutic agents or as tools to study gene function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-coding RNAs as drug targets
Masayuki Matsui,David R. Corey +1 more
TL;DR: The growing field of ncRNA — including microRNA, intronic RNA, repetitive RNA and long non-coding RNA — is discussed and the potential and challenges in their therapeutic exploitation are assessed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dystrophin: The protein product of the duchenne muscular dystrophy locus
TL;DR: The identification of the mdx mouse as an animal model for DMD has important implications with regard to the etiology of the lethal DMD phenotype, and the protein dystrophin is named because of its identification via the isolation of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct gene transfer into mouse muscle in vivo.
Jon A. Wolff,Robert W. Malone,Phillip Williams,Wang Chong,Gyula Acsadi,Agnes Jani,Philip L. Felgner +6 more
TL;DR: RNA and DNA expression vectors containing genes for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, luciferase, and beta-galactosidase were separately injected into mouse skeletal muscle in vivo and expression was comparable to that obtained from fibroblasts transfected in vitro under optimal conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
X chromosome-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) in the mouse.
TL;DR: Linkage analysis with four X chromosome loci indicates that mdx maps in the Hq Bpa region of the mouse X chromosome, which gives a gene order of mdx-Tfm-Pgk-1-Ags, the same as for the equivalent genes on the human X chromosome.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Complete Sequence of Dystrophin Predicts a Rod-Shaped Cytoskeletal Protein
M. Koenig,M. Koenig,Anthony P. Monaco,Anthony P. Monaco,Louis M. Kunkel,Louis M. Kunkel,Louis M. Kunkel +6 more
TL;DR: The complete sequence of the human Duchenne muscular dystrophy cDNA has been determined and dystrophin shares many features with the cytoskeletal protein spectrin and alpha-actinin and is likely to adopt a rod shape about 150 nm in length.
Journal ArticleDOI
An explanation for the phenotypic differences between patients bearing partial deletions of the DMD locus.
TL;DR: A molecular mechanism to explain the clinical difference in severity between DMD and BMD patients who bear partial deletions of the same gene locus is presented and is applicable to potential 5' and 3' intron splice mutations and their effect on protein production and clinical phenotype.
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