Showing papers in "Cell in 1987"

TL;DR: The identification of the mdx mouse as an animal model for DMD has important implications with regard to the etiology of the lethal DMD phenotype, and the protein dystrophin is named because of its identification via the isolation of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus.

TL;DR: This brief review of sequence data from embryogenesis, thrombosis, and lymphocyte help and killing is summarized and attempts to clarify the relationships among the members of this family of cell surface receptors.

TL;DR: In this article, the major open reading frame encoded by this cDNA contains a short protein segment similar to a sequence present in the myc protein family, and the expression of one of these cDNAs transfected into C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts, where it is not normally expressed, is sufficient to convert them to stable myoblasts.

TL;DR: Results strongly suggest that AP-1 is at the receiving end of a complex pathway responsible for transmitting the effects of phorbol ester tumor promoters from the plasma membrane to the transcriptional machinery.

TL;DR: This work mutated, by gene targeting, the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene in mouse embryo-derived stem (ES) cells and compared the gene-targeting efficiencies of two classes of neor-Hprt recombinant vectors.

TL;DR: The 14 kb human Duchenne muscular dystrophy cDNA corresponding to a complete representation of the fetal skeletal muscle transcript has been cloned and the majority of deletions are concentrated in a single genomic segment corresponding to only 2 kb of the transcript.

TL;DR: The results show that in normal animals tolerance to self-MHC is due to clonal elimination rather than suppression, and indicate that tolerance induction may occur in the thymus at the time immature thymocytes are selected to move into the mature thymocyte pool.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the KDEL sequence marks proteins that are to be retained in the ER and discuss possible retention mechanisms.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that multiple synthetic copies of the consensus AP-1-binding site can act as TPA-inducible enhancers in various plasmid constructs after transfection into HeLa cells, suggesting that AP- 1 is a transcription factor that functions by interacting with a specific enhancer element, and that its activities may be modulated by treatment of cells with TPA.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the DNA regions flanking the human beta-globin locus contain dominant regulatory sequences that specify position-independent expression and normally activate the complete human multigene beta- globin loci.

TL;DR: The purified ICAM-1 was incorporated into artificial supported lipid membranes and required metabolic energy production, an intact cytoskeleton, and the presence of Mg2+ and was temperature dependent, characteristics of LFA-1- and ICAM -1-dependent cell-cell adhesion.

TL;DR: The strategy was to measure the sizes of partial restriction enzyme digests by hybridization with a vector probe in a manner analogous to nucleotide sequencing, and found that this strategy is applicable to analyses of the genomes of other organisms.

TL;DR: It is found that purified Sp1 requires Zn(II) for sequence-specific binding to DNA, and it is likely that Sp1 interacts with DNA by binding of the Zn (II) fingers.

TL;DR: Deletion of most or all of the hormone-binding domain leads to only about 5% constitutive transcriptional activity, yet these mutants appear to bind efficiently to an ERE in vivo.

TL;DR: The 50 kd activator protein 2 (AP-2) as discussed by the authors is another enhancer-binding protein interacting with the human metallothionein IIA (hMT-IIA) gene control region.

TL;DR: A dramatic difference in the efficiency of removal of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers from the transcribed and nontranscribed strands of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene in cultured hamster and human cells is found and in the 5' flanking region of the human DHFR gene, selective rapid repair occurs in the opposite DNA strand relative to the transcribing strand of the DHFR genes.

TL;DR: Oligon nucleotides representing the G-rich strand of telomeric sequences from five different organisms specifically primed the addition of TTGGGG repeats in vitro, suggesting that primer recognition may involve a DNA structure unique to these oligonucleotides.

TL;DR: Observations indicate that PrPC is anchored to the cell surface by the glycolipid, which is derived from PrPSc by limited proteolysis at the amino terminus.

TL;DR: In MCF-7 cells, TGF-beta is a hormonally regulated growth inhibitor with possible autocrine and paracrine functions in breast cancer cells, and growth inhibition is reversed with anti-TGF- beta antibodies.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a co- or posttranscriptional C----U change may result in the production of apo-B48, which represents the amino-terminal 2152 amino acids of api-B100, which is the first example of tissue-specific modification of a single mRNA nucleotide resulting in two different proteins from the same primary transcript.

TL;DR: The sequence of the gene suggests that the Dint-1/wingless protein functions in morphogenesis as a signal in cell-cell communication.

TL;DR: Fission yeast wee1- mutants initiate mitosis at half the cell size of wild type and functions as a dose-dependent inhibitor of mitosis, the first such element to be specifically identified and cloned.

TL;DR: In this article, two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis was used to identify the origin of the yeast autonomous replication sequence ARS1 in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

TL;DR: Using in vitro mutagenesis, it is found that deletion of 12 amino acids from this region of gp120 leads to a complete loss of binding and a single amino acid substitution in this region results in significantly decreased binding, suggesting that sequences within this region are directly involved in the binding of gp 120 to the CD4 receptor.

TL;DR: It is shown that bovine basic FGF has a limited capacity to induce muscle actin expression in animal hemisphere cells, and it is suggested that molecules closely related to FGF and TGF-beta are the natural inducers of mesoderm in vertebrate development.

TL;DR: Sedimentation studies suggest that protein-protein interactions between AP-2 and T antigen block AP- 2 binding to DNA, suggesting novel mechanisms for mediating positive and negative regulation of transcription.

TL;DR: It is concluded that CTF/NF-I can serve both as a transcription selectivity factor for RNA polymerase II and as an initiation factor for adenovirus DNA replication.

TL;DR: This work reports the construction of a linkage map of the human genome, based on the pattern of inheritance of 403 polymorphic loci, including 393 RFLPs, in a panel of DNAs from 21 three-generation families, by a combination of mathematical linkage analysis and physical localization of selected clones.