Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of bacterial community composition, methanotrophic and nitrogen-cycling bacteria in three soils with different biochar application rates
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In this article, the authors investigated the impact of different application rates of wood-derived biochar on community structure, nitrogen-cycling and methanotrophic bacteria in three soil types.Abstract:
The increased use of biochar as a soil amendment to alleviate the impact of agricultural practices on climate change has been a motivation for many studies to determine the effects of biochar on soil properties, particularly the abundance and activities of soil microbes and related biological processes This study investigates the impact of different application rates of wood-derived biochar on community structure, nitrogen-cycling and methanotrophic bacteria in three soil types Biochar was added at 0, 25, 5 and 10% w/w to black clay loam (BCL, Vertosol), red loam (RL, Dermosol) and brown sandy loam (BSL, Kurosol) soils Soil chemical analysis and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using the IIlumina Mi-Seq platform were conducted on initial samples and after 10-month incubation The results indicated that the addition of biochar loading levels to the different soils had a significant impact on NH4 and NO3, total C and N, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and soil moisture content These changes were reflected in significant differences in the bacterial diversity between biochar treatments in the BSL and RL soils, while the BCL soil was more resilient to change Complete ammonia-oxidising (Nitrospira) and nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB) were more abundant than standard ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) in all soils Increased biochar loading raised the abundance of nitrifying bacteria in BCL soil while Nitrospira became more abundant in BSL soil Biochar addition affected the abundance of certain N2 fixer groups in a soil-dependent manner Strong positive correlations were observed in Rhizobium (r = 099) and Azospirillum abundance (r = 070) with increased biochar loading rates in BCL Greater biochar loading also significantly increased the relative abundance of methanotrophs, especially in BCL soil The impact of biochar on community structure and nitrogen-cycling bacteria depended on soil types and biochar rates which correlated to the differences in soil properties Overall, the abundance of nitrogen-cycling bacterial groups seemed to be most affected by the changes in soil conditions, including aeration, C/N ratio, nutrients and pH in relation to biochar application in different soils These changes show that short-term biochar loading influences community structure and leads to increases in populations of methanotrophic and nitrifying bacteriaread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Response of microbial communities to biochar-amended soils: a critical review
Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya,James Tsz Fung Wong,Yohey Hashimoto,Longbin Huang,Jörg Rinklebe,Jörg Rinklebe,Scott X. Chang,Nanthi Bolan,Hailong Wang,Yong Sik Ok +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the effect of biochar on soil microorganisms has received less attention than its influences on soil physicochemical properties, in particular soil carbon mineralization, nutrient cycling, and enzyme activities.
Biochar Decelerates Soil Organic Nitrogen Cycling but Stimulates Soil Nitrification in a Temperate Arable Field Trial
Judith Prommer,Wolfgang Wanek,Florian Hofhansl,Daniela Trojan,Pierre Offre,Tim Urich,Christa Schleper,Stefan Sassmann,Barbara Kitzler,Gerhard Soja,Rebecca Hood-Nowotny +10 more
TL;DR: Combined addition of biochar with fertilizer-N may increase soil organic N in turn enhancing soil carbon sequestration and thereby could play a fundamental role in future soil management strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant
Zahangir Hossain,Zahangir Hossain,Zahangir Hossain,Mezbaul Bahar,Binoy Sarkar,Scott W. Donne,Young Sik Ok,Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya,M. B. Kirkham,Saikat Chowdhury,Nanthi Bolan,Nanthi Bolan +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the fertilizer value of biochar, and its effects on soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops, are discussed, where the authors show that biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge.
Journal ArticleDOI
The mechanisms of biochar interactions with microorganisms in soil
Andrey Gorovtsov,Tatiana Minkina,Saglara Mandzhieva,Leonid Perelomov,Gerhard Soja,Inna Zamulina,Vishnu D. Rajput,Svetlana Sushkova,Dinesh Mohan,Jun Yao +9 more
TL;DR: Efforts were made to examine and proposed a mechanism of the interactions between biochar and microorganisms, as well as existing problems of biochar impacts on main groups of soil enzymes, the composition of the microbiota and the detoxification and degradation (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) of soil pollutants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar increases soil microbial biomass but has variable effects on microbial diversity: A meta-analysis.
TL;DR: It is suggested that establishing long-term and field studies, using a standard method for measuring microbial communities, on different soil types should be the emphasis in future research to better guide the use of biochar as a soil amendment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Naïve Bayesian Classifier for Rapid Assignment of rRNA Sequences into the New Bacterial Taxonomy
TL;DR: The RDP Classifier can rapidly and accurately classify bacterial 16S rRNA sequences into the new higher-order taxonomy proposed in Bergey's Taxonomic Outline of the Prokaryotes, and the majority of the classification errors appear to be due to anomalies in the current taxonomies.
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Ultra-high-throughput microbial community analysis on the Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq platforms
J. Gregory Caporaso,Christian L. Lauber,William A. Walters,Donna Berg-Lyons,James Huntley,Noah Fierer,Noah Fierer,Sarah M. Owens,Jason Betley,Louise Fraser,Markus J. Bauer,Niall Anthony Gormley,Jack A. Gilbert,Jack A. Gilbert,Geoff Smith,Rob Knight +15 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the protocol developed for these instruments successfully recaptures known biological results, and additionally that biological conclusions are consistent across sequencing platforms (the HiSeq2000 versus the MiSeq) and across the sequenced regions of amplicons.
Journal ArticleDOI
An improved Greengenes taxonomy with explicit ranks for ecological and evolutionary analyses of bacteria and archaea
Daniel McDonald,Morgan N. Price,Julia K. Goodrich,Julia K. Goodrich,Eric P. Nawrocki,Todd Z. DeSantis,Alexander J. Probst,Alexander J. Probst,Gary L. Andersen,Rob Knight,Rob Knight,Philip Hugenholtz +11 more
TL;DR: A ‘taxonomy to tree’ approach for transferring group names from an existing taxonomy to a tree topology is developed and used to apply the Greengenes, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and cyanoDB (Cyanobacteria only) taxonomies to a de novo tree comprising 408 315 sequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochar effects on soil biota – A review
Johannes Lehmann,Matthias C. Rillig,Janice E. Thies,Caroline A. Masiello,William C. Hockaday,David E. Crowley +5 more
TL;DR: A review of the literature reveals a significant number of early studies on biochar-type materials as soil amendments either for managing pathogens, as inoculant carriers or for manipulative experiments to sorb signaling compounds or toxins as mentioned in this paper.