Journal ArticleDOI
Astroglial metabolic networks sustain hippocampal synaptic transmission.
Nathalie Rouach,Annette Koulakoff,Veronica Abudara,Veronica Abudara,Klaus Willecke,Christian Giaume +5 more
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TLDR
It is shown that the gap-junction subunit proteins connexin 43 and 30 allow intercellular trafficking of glucose and its metabolites through astroglial networks for the delivery of energetic metabolites from blood vessels to distal neurons.Abstract:
Astrocytes provide metabolic substrates to neurons in an activity-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this function, as well as its role in synaptic transmission, remain unclear. Here, we show that the gap-junction subunit proteins connexin 43 and 30 allow intercellular trafficking of glucose and its metabolites through astroglial networks. This trafficking is regulated by glutamatergic synaptic activity mediated by AMPA receptors. In the absence of extracellular glucose, the delivery of glucose or lactate to astrocytes sustains glutamatergic synaptic transmission and epileptiform activity only when they are connected by gap junctions. These results indicate that astroglial gap junctions provide an activity-dependent intercellular pathway for the delivery of energetic metabolites from blood vessels to distal neurons.read more
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Astrocytes: biology and pathology
TL;DR: Astrocyte functions in healthy CNS, mechanisms and functions of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation, and ways in which reactive astrocytes may cause or contribute to specific CNS disorders and lesions are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular dissection of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation.
TL;DR: Developments in the signaling mechanisms that regulate specific aspects of reactive astrogliosis are reviewed and the potential to identify novel therapeutic molecular targets for diverse neurological disorders is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain energy metabolism: focus on astrocyte-neuron metabolic cooperation
TL;DR: This review focuses on the cellular aspects of brain energy metabolism, with a particular emphasis on the metabolic interactions between neurons and astrocytes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Transport Is Required for Long-Term Memory Formation
Akinobu Suzuki,Sarah A. Stern,Ozlem Bozdagi,George W. Huntley,Ruth H. Walker,Pierre J. Magistretti,Cristina M. Alberini +6 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that astrocyte-neuron lactate transport is required for long-term memory formation, suggesting that lactate import into neurons is necessary for long -term memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term potentiation depends on release of d -serine from astrocytes
Christian Henneberger,Thomas Papouin,Thomas Papouin,Stéphane H. R. Oliet,Stéphane H. R. Oliet,Dmitri A. Rusakov +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Ca2+-dependent release of d-serine from an astrocyte controls NMDAR-dependent plasticity in many thousands of excitatory synapses nearby.
References
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Glutamate uptake into astrocytes stimulates aerobic glycolysis: a mechanism coupling neuronal activity to glucose utilization
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An astrocytic basis of epilepsy
Guo-Feng Tian,Hooman Azmi,Takahiro Takano,Qiwu Xu,Weiguo Peng,Jane Lin,Nancy Ann Oberheim,Nanhong Lou,Xiaohai Wang,H. Ronald Zielke,Jian Kang +10 more
TL;DR: It is reported that paroxysmal depolarization shifts can be initiated by release of glutamate from extrasynaptic sources or by photolysis of caged Ca2+ in astrocytes, and this finding identifies astroCytes as a proximal target for the treatment of epileptic disorders.
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Signaling at the Gliovascular Interface
TL;DR: Astrocytic end-foot processes plastered at the vessel wall as a center for purinergic signaling is identified, speculated that calcium signaling may play a role in astrocyic functions related to the blood-brain barrier, including blood flow regulation, metabolic trafficking, and water homeostasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Segregated expression of AMPA-type glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters defines distinct astrocyte populations in the mouse hippocampus.
Katja Matthias,Frank Kirchhoff,Gerald Seifert,Kerstin Hüttmann,Marina Matyash,Helmut Kettenmann,Christian Steinhäuser +6 more
TL;DR: The observed heterogeneity of cells with GFAP promoter-regulated EGFP expression and S100β/GFAP immunoreactivity challenges the hitherto accepted definition of astrocytes.