Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabimimetic plants: are they new cannabinoidergic modulators?
Amit Kumar,Marika Premoli,Francesca Aria,Sara Anna Bonini,Giuseppina Maccarinelli,Alessandra Gianoncelli,Maurizio Memo,Andrea Mastinu +7 more
TLDR
A critical and complete assessment of the botanical, chemical and therapeutic aspects of cannabimimetic plants to evaluate their spread in the world and medicinal potentiality is provided.Abstract:
Phytochemicals and secondary metabolites able to interact with the endocannabinoid system (Cannabimimetics) have been recently described in a broad range of plants and fruits. These findings can open new alternative avenues to explore for the development of novel therapeutic compounds. The cannabinoids regulate many physiological and pathological functions in both animals and plants. Cannabis sativa is the main plant that produces phytocannabinoids inside resins capable to defend the plant from the aggression of parasites and herbivores. Animals produce anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, which thanks to binding with main receptors such as type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) and the type-2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) are involved in inflammation processes and several brain functions. Endogenous cannabinoids, enzymes for synthesis and degradation of cannabinoids, and CB1R and CB2R constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Other plants can produce cannabinoid-like molecules such as perrottetinene extracted from Radula perrottetii, or anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol extracted from some bryophytes. Moreover, several other secondary metabolites can also interact with the ECS of animals and take the name of cannabimimetics. These phytoextracts not derived from Cannabis sativa can act as receptor agonists or antagonist, or enzyme inhibitors of ECS and can be involved in the inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer, and neuroprotection. Finally, given the evolutionary heterogeneity of the cannabimimetic plants, some authors speculated on the fascinating thesis of the evolutionary convergence between plants and animals regarding biological functions of ECS. The review aims to provide a critical and complete assessment of the botanical, chemical and therapeutic aspects of cannabimimetic plants to evaluate their spread in the world and medicinal potentiality.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Quercetin Inhibits the Production of IL-1β-Induced Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines in ARPE-19 Cells via the MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Shu-Chen Cheng,Shu-Chen Cheng,Wen-Chung Huang,Wen-Chung Huang,Jong-Hwei S. Pang,Jong-Hwei S. Pang,Yi-Hong Wu,Yi-Hong Wu,Ching-Yi Cheng,Ching-Yi Cheng +9 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that quercetin protects ARPE-19 cells from the IL-1β-stimulated increase in ICAM-1, sICAM- 1, IL-6,IL-8 and MCP-1 production by blocking the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways to ameliorate the inflammatory response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Industrial Hemp ( Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa ) as an Emerging Source for Value-Added Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals
TL;DR: This review aims to compile recent advances in the science of industrial hemp, with respect to its use as value-added functional food ingredients/nutraceuticals and health benefits, while also highlighting gaps in current knowledge and avenues of future research on this high-value multi-use plant for the global food chain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabidiol: Recent advances and new insights for neuropsychiatric disorders treatment.
Marika Premoli,Francesca Aria,Sara Anna Bonini,Giuseppina Maccarinelli,Alessandra Gianoncelli,Silvia Della Pina,Simone Tambaro,Maurizio Memo,Andrea Mastinu +8 more
TL;DR: This review aims to clarify the pharmacological activity of CBD and its multiple therapeutic applications and critical and conflicting results of the research are discussed with a focus on promising future prospects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Zeolite Clinoptilolite: Therapeutic Virtues of an Ancient Mineral.
Andrea Mastinu,Amit Kumar,Giuseppina Maccarinelli,Sara Anna Bonini,Marika Premoli,Francesca Aria,Alessandra Gianoncelli,Maurizio Memo +7 more
TL;DR: The main aim of this review is to shed light on the geochemical aspects and therapeutic potentials of ZC with a vision of endorsing further preclinical and clinical research on zeolites as a potential agent for promoting human brain health and overall well-being.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in Terpene Profiles of Thymus vulgaris in Water Deficit Stress Response.
TL;DR: It can be concluded that in the sensitive plants trade-off between growth and defense, the tolerant ones simultaneously activate their stress response mechanism and continue their growth.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Quercetin, Inflammation and Immunity
Yao Li,Jiaying Yao,Chunyan Han,Jiaxin Yang,M. T. Chaudhry,Shengnan Wang,Hongnan Liu,Yulong Yin +7 more
TL;DR: According to the results obtained both in vitro and in vivo, good perspectives have been opened for quercetin, Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better characterize the mechanisms of action underlying the beneficial effects of quercETin on inflammation and immunity.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the dietary flavonoid, kaempferol on human health and cancer chemoprevention
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TL;DR: The aim of this review is to synthesize information concerning the extraction of kaempferol, as well as to provide insights into the molecular basis of its potential chemo-preventative activities, with an emphasis on its ability to control intracellular signaling cascades that regulate the aforementioned processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phytocannabinoids: a unified critical inventory.
Lumir Hanus,Stefan Martin Meyer,Eduardo Muñoz,Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati,Giovanni Appendino +4 more
TL;DR: The integrated inventory of these compounds and their biological macromolecular end-points highlights the opportunities that phytocannabinoids offer to access desirable drug-like space beyond the one associated to the narcotic target CB1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity
Ramona Barbieri,Erika Coppo,Anna Marchese,Maria Daglia,Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez,Seyed Fazel Nabavi,Seyed Mohammad Nabavi +6 more
TL;DR: Review of the literature showed that phytochemicals represent a possible source of effective, cheap and safe antimicrobial agents, though much work must still be carried out, especially in in vivo conditions to ensure the selection of effective antimicrobial substances with low side and adverse effects.
Book ChapterDOI
Phytochemistry of Cannabis sativa L.
TL;DR: This contribution presents an overview of the botany, cultivation aspects, and the phytochemistry of cannabis and its chemical constituents, with particular emphasis on the newly-identified/isolated compounds.