Open AccessJournal Article
Cellular levels of thioredoxin associated with drug sensitivity to cisplatin, mitomycin C, doxorubicin, and etoposide
Akira Yokomizo,Mayumi Ono,Hiroki Nanri,Yoshinari Makino,Takefumi Ohga,Morimasa Wada,Takashi Okamoto,Junji Yodoi,Michihiko Kuwano,Kimitoshi Kohno +9 more
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TLDR
Cellular levels of thioredoxin appear to limit sensitivity to various superoxide-generating anticancer drugs in cancer cells, by being established in several human bladder and prostatic cancer cell lines resistant to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin).Abstract:
Thioredoxin, a cellular thiol, functions as a self-defense mechanism in response to environmental stimuli, including oxidative stress. We first determined cellular levels of thioredoxin in several human bladder and prostatic cancer cell lines resistant to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin). All cisplatin-resistant cell lines had much higher levels of thioredoxin than those in their drug-sensitive parental counterpart. We then, by introducing thioredoxin antisense expression plasmids into human bladder cancer T24 cells, established two bladder cancer cell lines that had decreased levels of thioredoxin. These thioredoxin antisense transfectants showed increased sensitivity to cisplatin and also to other superoxide-generating agents, i.e., doxorubicin, mitomycin C, etoposide, and hydrogen peroxide, as well as to UV irradiation, but not to the tubulin-targeting agents, vincristine, and colchicine. Cellular levels of thioredoxin thus appear to limit sensitivity to various superoxide-generating anticancer drugs in cancer cells.read more
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Redox regulation of cellular activation
TL;DR: Adult T cell leukemia-derived factor (ADF), which was originally defined as an IL-2 receptor alpha-chain/Tac inducer produced by human T cell lymphotrophic virus-I (HTLV-I)-transformed T cells, has been identified as human TRX.
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Reactive oxygen species in tumor progression.
TL;DR: The finding that a diet rich in antioxidants or the elimination of ROS by antioxidant compounds prevents the development of certain cancers provided the setting for subsequent investigation of the tumorigenic actions of reactive oxygen species.
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Thioredoxin and related molecules--from biology to health and disease.
TL;DR: Thioredoxin and binding proteins appear to control apoptosis or metabolic states such as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism related to diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis and the fundamental differences between bacterial and mammalian thiOREDoxin reductases offer new principles for treatment of infections.
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Focus on mammalian thioredoxin reductases — Important selenoproteins with versatile functions
TL;DR: It is concluded that the intriguingly complex regulation and function of mammalian thioredoxin reductases within the cellular context and in intact mammals strongly suggests that their functions are highly fi ne-tuned with the many pathways involvingThioredoxins and thiOREDoxin-related proteins.
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Properties and Biological Activities of Thioredoxins
Garth Powis,William R. Montfort +1 more
TL;DR: The mammalian thioredoxins are a family of small redox proteins that undergo NADPH-dependent reduction by thiOREDoxin reductase and in turn reduce oxidized cysteine groups on proteins.
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ATL‐derived factor (ADF), an IL‐2 receptor/Tac inducer homologous to thioredoxin; possible involvement of dithiol‐reduction in the IL‐2 receptor induction.
Yutaka Tagaya,Y. Maeda,A. Mitsui,Naoki Kondo,H. Matsui,J. Hamuro,N. Brown,K. Arai,T. Yokota,H. Wakasugi +9 more
TL;DR: Homology analysis revealed an unexpected relationship between ADF and dithiol‐reducing enzyme, thioredoxin, involved in many important biological reactions such as the conversion of ribon nucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides, or the stabilization of glucocorticoid receptors.
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Oxidoreductive regulation of nuclear factor kappa B. Involvement of a cellular reducing catalyst thioredoxin.
T Hayashi,Y Ueno,Takashi Okamoto +2 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a cellular reducing catalyst thioredoxin (Trx) plays a major role in activation of the DNA binding of NF kappa B in vitro and stimulation of transcription from the NFKappa B-dependent gene expression and the redox control mechanism mediated by Trx might have a regulatory role in the NF k Kappa B-mediated gene expression.
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Free radical formation by antitumor quinones
TL;DR: The evidence for a relationship between radical formation and the biological activity of the antitumor quinones is evaluated and it is suggested that cardiotoxicity and skin toxicity may also be related to oxygen radical formation.