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ChloroP, a neural network-based method for predicting chloroplast transit peptides and their cleavage sites.

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TLDR
An analysis of 715 Arabidopsis thaliana sequences from SWISS‐PROT suggests that the ChloroP method should be useful for the identification of putative transit peptides in genome‐wide sequence data.
Abstract
We present a neural network based method (ChloroP) for identifying chloroplast transit peptides and their cleavage sites. Using cross-validation, 88% of the sequences in our homology reduced training set were correctly classified as transit peptides or nontransit peptides. This performance level is well above that of the publicly available chloroplast localization predictor PSORT. Cleavage sites are predicted using a scoring matrix derived by an automatic motif-finding algorithm. Approximately 60% of the known cleavage sites in our sequence collection were predicted to within +/-2 residues from the cleavage sites given in SWISS-PROT. An analysis of 715 Arabidopsis thaliana sequences from SWISS-PROT suggests that the ChloroP method should be useful for the identification of putative transit peptides in genome-wide sequence data. The ChloroP predictor is available as a web-server at http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/ChloroP/.

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Evolutionary Diversification of Plant Shikimate Kinase Gene Duplicates

TL;DR: The role of plant SK gene duplicate evolution in the diversification of metabolic regulation and the acquisition of novel and physiologically essential function is demonstrated and the utility of SKs as scaffolds for functional innovation is highlighted.
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Evidence for Base Excision Repair of Oxidative DNA Damage in Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana

TL;DR: Evidence is provided of DNA glycosylase-lyase/endonuclease activity involved in base excision repair of oxidized pyrimidines in chloroplast protein extracts of Arabidopsis thaliana and of one of the endonuclease III homologs, AtNTH2, which had not previously been characterized.
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Characterization of the Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Cucumber: Structure, Phylogeny, and Expression Patterns

TL;DR: The cucumber FAD genes showed a cold-induced and heat-repressed expression pattern, although with distinct regulatory time courses among the different CsFAD members, which indicates the potential roles of the FADs in temperature stress resistance in cucumber.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nitrite transport activity of a novel HPP family protein conserved in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts.

TL;DR: Transcription of AT5G62720 and AT3G47980 was stimulated by nitrate under the control of the NIN-like proteins, suggesting that the HPP proteins represent nitrate-inducible components of the nitrite transport system of plastids.
Journal ArticleDOI

Quantitative analysis of motifs contributing to the interaction between PLS-subfamily members and their target RNA sequences in plastid RNA editing.

TL;DR: Quantitative biochemical data on site recognition by four PLS-subfamily PPR proteins are presented, and it is clarified that several PPR motifs, including the C-terminal L2 and S motifs of CRR21 and OTP80, are dispensable for the RNA binding, suggesting distinct contributions of each P PR motif to site recognition.
References
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A mathematical theory of communication

TL;DR: This final installment of the paper considers the case where the signals or the messages or both are continuously variable, in contrast with the discrete nature assumed until now.
Book ChapterDOI

Learning internal representations by error propagation

TL;DR: This chapter contains sections titled: The Problem, The Generalized Delta Rule, Simulation Results, Some Further Generalizations, Conclusion.
Journal ArticleDOI

Identification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic signal peptides and prediction of their cleavage sites.

TL;DR: A new method for the identification of signal peptides and their cleavage sites based on neural networks trained on separate sets of prokaryotic and eukaryotic sequence that performs significantly better than previous prediction schemes and can easily be applied on genome-wide data sets.

SHORT COMMUNICATION Identification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic signal peptides and prediction of their cleavage sites

TL;DR: In this paper, a new method for the identification of in performance compared with the weight matrix method signal peptides and their cleavage sites based on neural (Arrigo et al., 1991; Ladunga et al, 1991; Schneider and networks trained on separate sets of prokaryotic and eukaryotic sequence.
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