CO2 embodied in international trade with implications for global climate policy.
Glen P. Peters,Edgar G. Hertwich +1 more
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The CO2 emissions embodied in international trade among 87 countries for the year 2001 is determined and it is found that globally there are over 5.3 Gt of CO2 embodied in trade and that Annex B countries are net importers ofCO2 emissions.Abstract:
The flow of pollution through international trade flows has the ability to undermine environmental policies, particularly for global pollutants. In this article we determine the CO2 emissions embodied in international trade among 87 countries for the year 2001. We find that globally there are over 5.3 Gt of CO2 embodied in trade and that Annex B countries are net importers of CO2 emissions. Depending on country characteristics—such as size variables and geographic location—there are considerable variations in the embodied emissions. We argue that emissions embodied in trade may have a significant impact on participation in and effectiveness of global climate policies such as the Kyoto Protocol. We discuss several policy options to reduce the impact of trade in global climate policy. If countries take binding commitments as a part of a coalition, instead of as individual countries, then the impacts of trade can be substantially reduced. Adjusting emission inventories for trade gives a more consistent descr...read more
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Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide
Corinne Le Quéré,Corinne Le Quéré,Michael R. Raupach,Josep G. Canadell,Gregg Marland,Laurent Bopp,Philippe Ciais,Thomas J. Conway,Scott C. Doney,Richard A. Feely,Pru N Foster,Pierre Friedlingstein,Kevin R. Gurney,Richard A. Houghton,Joanna Isobel House,Chris Huntingford,Peter Levy,Mark R. Lomas,Joseph D. Majkut,Nicolas Metzl,Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto,Glen P. Peters,I. Colin Prentice,James T. Randerson,Steven W. Running,Jorge L. Sarmiento,Ute Schuster,Stephen Sitch,Taro Takahashi,Nicolas Viovy,Guido R. van der Werf,F. Ian Woodward +31 more
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Building eora: a global multi-region input–output database at high country and sector resolution
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References
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Globalisation of water resources: Global virtual water flows in relation to international crop trade
Arjen Ysbert Hoekstra,P.Q. Hung +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantify the volumes of virtual water flows between nations in the period 1995-1999 insofar related to international crop trade and to analyse national virtual water balances in relation to national water needs and water availability.