Cumulative Effects Associated With Recurrent Concussion in Collegiate Football Players: The NCAA Concussion Study
Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Michael McCrea,Michael McCrea,Stephen W. Marshall,Robert C. Cantu,Robert C. Cantu,Christopher Randolph,Christopher Randolph,William B. Barr,James A. Onate,James P. Kelly,James P. Kelly +11 more
TLDR
This study suggests thatPlayers with a history of previous concussions are more likely to have future concussive injuries than those with no history; 1 in 15 players with a concussion may have additional concussions in the same playing season; and previous concussion may be associated with slower recovery of neurological function.Abstract:
ContextApproximately 300 000 sport-related concussions occur annually
in the United States, and the likelihood of serious sequelae may increase
with repeated head injury.ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of concussion and time to recovery after concussion
in collegiate football players.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProspective cohort study of 2905 football players from 25 US colleges
were tested at preseason baseline in 1999, 2000, and 2001 on a variety of
measures and followed up prospectively to ascertain concussion occurrence.
Players injured with a concussion were monitored until their concussion symptoms
resolved and were followed up for repeat concussions until completion of their
collegiate football career or until the end of the 2001 football season.Main Outcome MeasuresIncidence of concussion and repeat concusion; type and duration of symptoms
and course of recovery among players who were injured with a concussion during
the seasons.ResultsDuring follow-up of 4251 player-seasons, 184 players (6.3%) had a concussion,
and 12 (6.5%) of these players had a repeat concussion within the same season.
There was an association between reported number of previous concussions and
likelihood of incident concussion. Players reporting a history of 3 or more
previous concussions were 3.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-5.6) times more
likely to have an incident concussion than players with no concussion history.
Headache was the most commonly reported symptom at the time of injury (85.2%),
and mean overall symptom duration was 82 hours. Slowed recovery was associated
with a history of multiple previous concussions (30.0% of those with ≥3
previous concussions had symptoms lasting >1 week compared with 14.6% of those
with 1 previous concussion). Of the 12 incident within-season repeat concussions,
11 (91.7%) occurred within 10 days of the first injury, and 9 (75.0%) occurred
within 7 days of the first injury.ConclusionsOur study suggests that players with a history of previous concussions
are more likely to have future concussive injuries than those with no history;
1 in 15 players with a concussion may have additional concussions in the same
playing season; and previous concussions may be associated with slower recovery
of neurological function.read more
Citations
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Concussive signs and symptoms following head impacts in collegiate athletes
TL;DR: A large percentage of non-concussed athletes are experiencing concussive S&S following head impacts during games and practices and these findings highlight the need for more diligent surveillance from clinicians, as many concussions are being missed.
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Middle school injuries: a 20-year (1988-2008) multisport evaluation
Glenn Beachy,Mitchell J. Rauh +1 more
TL;DR: The risk for sport-related injury at the middle school level was greater during practices than games and greater for girls than boys in sex-matched sports.
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Onfield assessment of concussion in the adult athlete
Margot Putukian,Martin Raftery,Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Stanley A. Herring,Mark Aubry,Robert C. Cantu,Robert C. Cantu,Robert C. Cantu,Mick Molloy +8 more
TL;DR: The evidence related to the onfield assessment of concussion in the adult athlete is reviewed and questions related to same day return to play, what to do when no physician is available onsite, as well as the benefit of remote notification of potential concussive events are considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of Head Impact Exposure Between Concussed Football Athletes and Matched Controls: Evidence for a Possible Second Mechanism of Sport-Related Concussion
Brian D. Stemper,Alok S. Shah,Jaroslaw Harezlak,Steven Rowson,Jason P. Mihalik,Stefan M. Duma,Larry D. Riggen,Alison Brooks,Kenneth L. Cameron,Darren E. Campbell,John P. DiFiori,Christopher C. Giza,Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Jonathan C. Jackson,Gerald McGinty,Steven J. Svoboda,Thomas W. McAllister,Steven P. Broglio,Michael McCrea,Michael McCrea +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantified repetitive head impact exposure in a cohort of 50 concussed NCAA Division I FBS college football athletes compared to controls that were matched for team and position group.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigating Effects of Sex Differences and Prior Concussions on Symptom Reporting and Cognition Among Adolescent Soccer Players.
Brian L. Brooks,Noah D. Silverberg,Bruce Maxwell,Rebekah Mannix,Ross Zafonte,Paul D. Berkner,Grant L. Iverson +6 more
TL;DR: Cognitive test performance was not associated with concussion history but was associated with sex, age, learning disability, ADHD, and prior mental health problems, and greater symptom reporting was more strongly associated with psychiatric problems, older age, Learning disability, substance abuse, headaches, being female, and ADHD than with a history of multiple concussions.
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Acute Effects and Recovery Time Following Concussion in Collegiate Football Players: The NCAA Concussion Study
Michael McCrea,Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Stephen W. Marshall,William B. Barr,Christopher Randolph,Christopher Randolph,Robert C. Cantu,Robert C. Cantu,James A. Onate,Jingzhen Yang,James P. Kelly +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of 1631 football players from 15 US colleges found that players with concussions exhibited more severe symptoms (mean GSC score 20.93 [95% confidence interval {CI, 15.65-26.21] points higher than that of controls), cognitive impairments (mean SAC score 2.94 [ 95% CI, 1.41 to 2.06], cognitive functioning improved to baseline levels within 5 to 7 days (day 7 SAC mean difference, −0.33;
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