Journal ArticleDOI
Diabetic cardiomyopathy: understanding the molecular and cellular basis to progress in diagnosis and treatment
TLDR
Some of the molecular and cellular pathophysiologic mechanisms, structural changes, and therapeutic strategies that may help struggle against diabetic cardiomyopathy are elucidated.Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is an important and prevalent risk factor for congestive heart failure. Diabetic cardiomyopathy has been defined as ventricular dysfunction that occurs in diabetic patients independent of a recognized cause such as coronary artery disease or hypertension. The disease course consists of a hidden subclinical period, during which cellular structural insults and abnormalities lead initially to diastolic dysfunction, later to systolic dysfunction, and eventually to heart failure. Left ventricular hypertrophy, metabolic abnormalities, extracellular matrix changes, small vessel disease, cardiac autonomic neuropathy, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are the most important contributors to diabetic cardiomyopathy onset and progression. Hyperglycemia is a major etiological factor in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. It increases the levels of free fatty acids and growth factors and causes abnormalities in substrate supply and utilization, calcium homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, it promotes excessive production and release of reactive oxygen species, which induces oxidative stress leading to abnormal gene expression, faulty signal transduction, and cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Stimulation of connective tissue growth factor, fibrosis, and the formation of advanced glycation end-products increase the stiffness of the diabetic hearts. Despite all the current information on diabetic cardiomyopathy, translational research is still scarce due to limited human myocardial tissue and most of our knowledge is extrapolated from animals. This paper aims to elucidate some of the molecular and cellular pathophysiologic mechanisms, structural changes, and therapeutic strategies that may help struggle against diabetic cardiomyopathy.read more
Citations
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Clinical Update: Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – Mechanisms, Management, and Clinical Considerations
TL;DR: This review considers the mechanisms, history, controversies, new pharmacological agents, and recent evidence for current guidelines for cardiovascular management in the patient with diabetes mellitus to support evidence-based care outside of the acute care setting.
Journal Article
Diastolic Heart Failure
TL;DR: In this paper, a 78-year-old woman with a history of hypertension is admitted to the hospital with congestive heart failure, and physical examination reveals a blood pressure of 180/90 mm Hg, increased jugular venous pressure, peripheral edema and pulmonary rales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia in diabetic cardiomyopathy
TL;DR: A surge in diabetic cardiomyopathy research is highlighted, current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning this condition is summarized, and potential preventive and therapeutic strategies are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
NLRP3 Gene Silencing Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in a Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model
Beibei Luo,Bo Li,Wen-ke Wang,Xiangjuan Liu,Yanfei Xia,Cheng Zhang,Ming-Xiang Zhang,Yun Zhang,Fengshuang An +8 more
TL;DR: NLRP3 inflammasome contributed to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and gene silencing therapy ameliorated cardiac inflammation, pyroptosis, fibrosis and cardiac function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Curcumin Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Experimental Diabetic Rats
Wei Yu,Jiliang Wu,Fei Cai,Jizhou Xiang,Wenliang Zha,Dan Fan,Shuang Guo,Zhang-Yin Ming,Chao Liu,Chao Liu +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that curcumin may have great therapeutic potential in the treatment of DCM, and perhaps other cardiovascular disorders, by attenuating fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death.
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