Journal ArticleDOI
Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test
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TLDR
Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision, and a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test is described, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.Abstract:
Research on dispositional optimism as assessed by the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985) has been challenged on the grounds that effects attributed to optimism are indistinguishable from those of unmeasured third variables, most notably, neuroticism. Data from 4,309 subjects show that associations between optimism and both depression and aspects of coping remain significant even when the effects of neuroticism, as well as the effects of trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem, are statistically controlled. Thus, the Life Orientation Test does appear to possess adequate predictive and discriminant validity. Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision. Thus, we also describe a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.read more
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The dimensions of successful young adult development: A conceptual and measurement framework
Peter C. Scales,Peter L. Benson,Sabrina Oesterle,Karl G. Hill,J. David Hawkins,Travis J. Pashak +5 more
TL;DR: The goal of the article is to contribute to the articulation of and consensus on the dimensions of successful young adult development, and to lay the groundwork for subsequent research to empirically validate both those core dimensions as well as developmental indicators of progress toward attainment of these proposed dimensions of well-being.
Journal ArticleDOI
Burnout and work engagement of academics in higher education institutions: effects of dispositional optimism
Nicolene Barkhuizen,Sebastiaan Rothmann,Fons J. R. van de Vijver,Fons J. R. van de Vijver,Fons J. R. van de Vijver +4 more
TL;DR: Investigating the relationships among dispositional optimism, job demands and resources, burnout, work engagement, ill health and organizational commitment of South African academic staff in higher education institutions confirmed thatJob demands and a lack of job resources contributed to burn out, whereas job Resources contributed to work engagement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social support as a mediator of optimism and distress in breast cancer survivors.
TL;DR: It is found that affective social support mediated the relationship between optimism and distress in early-stage breast cancer survivors at baseline and 6 months but not at 1 year, and confidant social support did not mediate the optimism-distress relationship at any time point.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship of optimism, pain and social support to well-being in older adults with osteoarthritis
V. M. Ferreira,Aurora M. Sherman +1 more
TL;DR: Greater optimism and support were significantly related to both greater life satisfaction and lower depressive symptoms and the interplay of these variables in relation to well-being is discussed in the context of chronic illness and older adulthood.
Posted Content
Preference for Risk in Investing as a Function of Trait Optimism and Gender
TL;DR: In this article, the role of gender and optimism on the riskiness of investment choices of students in a semester long investment contest with both monetary and academic incentives was examined, and it was found that males make more risky investment choices than females, and that this difference was primarily due to the riskier choices of optimistic males.
References
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