Journal ArticleDOI
Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test
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TLDR
Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision, and a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test is described, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.Abstract:
Research on dispositional optimism as assessed by the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985) has been challenged on the grounds that effects attributed to optimism are indistinguishable from those of unmeasured third variables, most notably, neuroticism. Data from 4,309 subjects show that associations between optimism and both depression and aspects of coping remain significant even when the effects of neuroticism, as well as the effects of trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem, are statistically controlled. Thus, the Life Orientation Test does appear to possess adequate predictive and discriminant validity. Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision. Thus, we also describe a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.read more
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Performance expectations, personal resources, and job resources: How do they predict work engagement?
TL;DR: In this article, the reciprocal relationship between job resources, personal resources, and personal demands, operationalized as performance expectations, share with work engagement was investigated. But the results showed that reciprocal relationships are not significant.
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Optimism as a Mediator of the Relation between Perceived Parental Authoritativeness and Adjustment among Adolescents: Finding the Sunny Side of the Street.
TL;DR: This paper examined the hypothesis that the relation between authoritative parenting and adolescents' adjustment is mediated by adolescents' level of dispositional optimism and found that high school students' perceptions that their parents were authoritative predicted higher self-esteem, lower depression, and better university adjustment during the students' transition into, and throughout, university.
Journal ArticleDOI
Personality and coping: predictors of depression and sleep problems among caregivers of individuals who have cancer.
TL;DR: Caregiver personality and coping strategies appear to be related to caregiver outcomes similarly in the cancer and dementia populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Feasibility of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program for early-stage breast cancer survivors.
Cecile A. Lengacher,Versie Johnson-Mallard,Michelle Barta,Shirley Fitzgerald,Manolete S. Moscoso,Janice Post-White,Paul B. Jacobsen,Melissa M. Shelton,Nancy Le,Pinky H. Budhrani,Matthew Goodman,Kevin E. Kip +11 more
TL;DR: Assessment of whether mindfulness-based stress reduction has a positive effect on breast cancer survivors’ psychological status, psychosocial characteristics, symptoms, and quality of life during the critical transition period from end of treatment to resumption of daily activities found it feasible to use MBSR.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Neural Basis of Optimism and Pessimism
TL;DR: It is suggested that optimism and pessimism are differentially associated with the two cerebral hemispheres, and hemispheric asymmetry in mediating optimistic and pessimistic outlooks is rooted in several biological and functional differences between the two hemisphere.
References
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