Journal ArticleDOI
Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test
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Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision, and a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test is described, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.Abstract:
Research on dispositional optimism as assessed by the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985) has been challenged on the grounds that effects attributed to optimism are indistinguishable from those of unmeasured third variables, most notably, neuroticism. Data from 4,309 subjects show that associations between optimism and both depression and aspects of coping remain significant even when the effects of neuroticism, as well as the effects of trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem, are statistically controlled. Thus, the Life Orientation Test does appear to possess adequate predictive and discriminant validity. Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision. Thus, we also describe a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.read more
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Meditation or Exercise for Preventing Acute Respiratory Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Bruce Barrett,Mary S. Hayney,Daniel Muller,David Rakel,Ann Ward,Chidi N. Obasi,Roger L. Brown,Zhengjun Zhang,Aleksandra Zgierska,James E. Gern,Rebecca West,Tola Ewers,Shari Barlow,Michele Gassman,Christopher L. Coe +14 more
TL;DR: Training in meditation or exercise may be effective in reducing ARI illness burden and area-under-the-curve global illness severity during a single cold and influenza season is evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychosocial factors predicting BRCA1/BRCA2 testing decisions in members of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families
Barbara B. Biesecker,Naoko Ishibe,Donald W. Hadley,Therese R. Giambarresi,Ronald G. Kase,Caryn Lerman,Jeffery P. Struewing +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify factors affecting genetic testing decisions in a cohort of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) families presented with the choice to undergo testing and found that those who chose to undergo genetic testing were more likely to be older (> or =40 years, to have lower levels of optimism, and to report higher levels of cohesiveness in their families.
Journal ArticleDOI
Posttraumatic growth and health-related quality of life in a racially diverse cohort of breast cancer survivors.
Keith M. Bellizzi,Ashley Wilder Smith,Bryce B. Reeve,Catherine M. Alfano,Leslie Bernstein,Kathy Meeske,Kathy B. Baumgartner,Rachel Ballard-Barbash +7 more
TL;DR: An inverse association with growth and mental HRQOL is found which might be explained by the fact that growth co-occurs with distress and perhaps women in this sample are still struggling with their disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Underlying construct of empathy, optimism, and burnout in medical students.
TL;DR: Results confirmed that an association exists between empathy in the context of patient care and personality characteristics that are conducive to relationship building, and considered to be “positive personality attributes,” as opposed to personality traits that are considered as “negative personality attributes” that are detrimental to interpersonal relationships.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trust: An integrative review from a person–situation perspective.
TL;DR: Trust is a key aspect of various social interactions as mentioned in this paper. Correspondingly, trust has been heavily studied across different scientific disciplines. However, an integration of the diverse research and li...
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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