Journal ArticleDOI
Dopamine Receptors: From Structure to Function
TLDR
Target deletion of several of these dopamine receptor genes in mice should provide valuable information about their physiological functions and provide unequivocal evidence for the involvement of one of these receptors in the etiology of various central nervous system disorders.Abstract:
Missale, Cristina, S. Russel Nash, Susan W. Robinson, Mohamed Jaber, and Marc G. Caron. Dopamine Receptors: From Structure to Function. Physiol. Rev. 78: 189–225, 1998. — The diverse physiological actions of dopamine are mediated by at least five distinct G protein-coupled receptor subtypes. Two D1-like receptor subtypes (D1 and D5) couple to the G protein Gs and activate adenylyl cyclase. The other receptor subtypes belong to the D2-like subfamily (D2 , D3 , and D4) and are prototypic of G protein-coupled receptors that inhibit adenylyl cyclase and activate K+ channels. The genes for the D1 and D5 receptors are intronless, but pseudogenes of the D5 exist. The D2 and D3 receptors vary in certain tissues and species as a result of alternative splicing, and the human D4 receptor gene exhibits extensive polymorphic variation. In the central nervous system, dopamine receptors are widely expressed because they are involved in the control of locomotion, cognition, emotion, and affect as well as neuroendocrine s...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Descending control of pain.
TL;DR: The present review focuses on the organisation of descending pathways and their pathophysiological significance, the role of individual transmitters and specific receptor types in the modulation and expression of mechanisms of descending inhibition and facilitation and the advantages and limitations of established and innovative analgesic strategies which act by manipulation of descending controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Physiology, Signaling, and Pharmacology of Dopamine Receptors
TL;DR: D dopamine receptor classification, their basic structural and genetic organization, their distribution and functions in the brain and the periphery, and their regulation and signal transduction mechanisms are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The principal features and mechanisms of dopamine modulation in the prefrontal cortex
TL;DR: Certain principles of DA mechanisms are identified by drawing on published, as well as unpublished data from PFC and other CNS sites to shed light on aspects of DA neuromodulation and address some of the existing controversies.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression.
TL;DR: Several studies support the hypothesis that major depression is associated with a state of reduced DA transmission, possibly reflected bycompensatory up-regulation of D2receptors, and further research on the contribution of DA to the pathophysiology of depression is justified to improve outcomes for patients with treatment-resistant and nonremitting depression.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Akt/β-Arrestin 2/PP2A Signaling Complex Mediates Dopaminergic Neurotransmission and Behavior
Jean-Martin Beaulieu,Tatyana D. Sotnikova,Sébastien Marion,Robert J. Lefkowitz,Raul R. Gainetdinov,Marc G. Caron +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, apart from its classical function in receptor desensitization, beta-arrestin 2 also acts as a signaling intermediate through a kinase/phosphatase scaffold, thus implicating beta-arsenin 2 as a positive mediator of dopaminergic synaptic transmission and a potential pharmacological target for dopamine-related psychiatric disorders.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple receptors for dopamine.
John W. Kebabian,Donald B. Calne +1 more
TL;DR: Pharmacological and biochemical criteria can be used to separate those dopamine receptors which are linked to the enzyme adenylyl cyclase and those which are not.
Journal ArticleDOI
D1 and D2 dopamine receptor-regulated gene expression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons
Charles R. Gerfen,Thomas M. Engber,Lawrence C. Mahan,Zvi Susel,Thomas N. Chase,Frederick J. Monsma,David R. Sibley +6 more
TL;DR: The differential effects of dopamine on striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons are mediated by their specific expression of D1 and D2 dopamine receptor subtypes, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel dopamine receptor (D3) as a target for neuroleptics.
TL;DR: The D3 receptor is localized to limbic areas of the brain, which are associated with cognitive, emotional and endocrine functions, and seems to mediate some of the effects of antipsychotic drugs and drugs used against Parkinson's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperlocomotion and indifference to cocaine and amphetamine in mice lacking the dopamine transporter
TL;DR: In homozygote mice, dopamine persists at least 100 times longer in the extracellular space, explaining the biochemical basis of the hyperdopaminergic phenotype and demonstrating the critical role of the transporter in regulating neurotransmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloning of the gene for a human dopamine D4 receptor with high affinity for the antipsychotic clozapine.
Hubert H.M. Van Tol,James R. Bunzow,Hong-Chang Guan,Roger K. Sunahara,Philip Seeman,Hyman B. Niznik,Olivier Civelli +6 more
TL;DR: The cloning of a gene that encodes a dopamine receptor gene that has high homology to the human dopamine D2 and D3 receptor genes is reported, which suggests the existence of other types of dopamine receptors which are more sensitive to clozapine.