Journal ArticleDOI
Drosophila Mushroom Body Mutants are Deficient in Olfactory Learning
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Two Drosophila mutants are described in which the connections between the input to and the output from the mushroom bodies is largely interrupted, and the defect seems not to impair learning of color discrimination tasks or operant learning involving visual cues.Abstract:
Two Drosophila mutants are described in which the connections between the input to and the output from the mushroom bodies is largely interrupted. In all forms of the flies (larva, imago, male, female) showing the structural defect, olfactory conditioning is impaired. Learning is completely abolished when electroshock is used as reinforcement and partially suppressed in reward learning with sucrose. No influence of the mushroom body defect on the perception of the conditioning stimuli or on spontaneous olfactory behavior is observed. The defect seems not to impair learning of color discrimination tasks or operant learning involving visual cues.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mushroom body memoir: From maps to models
TL;DR: Genetic intervention in the fly Drosophila melanogaster has provided strong evidence that the mushroom bodies of the insect brain act as the seat of a memory trace for odours, and the development of a circuit model that addresses this function might allow the mushrooms to throw light on the basic operating principles of the brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Organization of the Chemosensory System in Drosophila Melanogaster: A Review
TL;DR: This review surveys the organization of the olfactory and gustatory systems in the imago and in the larva of Drosophila melanogaster, both at the sensory and the central level.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dopamine and Octopamine Differentiate between Aversive and Appetitive Olfactory Memories in Drosophila
Martin Schwaerzel,Maria Monastirioti,Henrike Scholz,Florence Friggi-Grelin,Serge Birman,Martin Heisenberg +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that in associative conditioning, different memories are formed of the same odor under different circumstances, and that they are linked to the respective motivational systems by their specific modulatory pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
The neuronal architecture of the mushroom body provides a logic for associative learning
Yoshinori Aso,Daisuke Hattori,Yang Yu,Rebecca M. Johnston,Nirmala Iyer,Teri T.B. Ngo,Heather Dionne,Larry F. Abbott,Richard Axel,Hiromu Tanimoto,Gerald M. Rubin +10 more
TL;DR: The elucidation of the complement of neurons of the MB provides a comprehensive anatomical substrate from which one can infer a functional logic of associative olfactory learning and memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Drosophila mushroom body is a quadruple structure of clonal units each of which contains a virtually identical set of neurones and glial cells
TL;DR: It is shown that the four mushroom body neuroblasts (MBNbs) give birth exclusively to the neurones and glial cells of the MB, and that each of the four MBNb clones contributes to the entire MB structure.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Learning and memory in the honeybee
Martin Hammer,Randolf Menzel +1 more
TL;DR: Since associative learning, especially of the classical type, is well described at the phenomenological and operational level (Rescorla, 1988), it provides a favorable approach in the search for the neural substrate underlying learning and memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conditioned Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster
TL;DR: Populations of Drosophila were trained by alternately exposing them to two odorants, one coupled with electric shock, and on testing, the flies avoided the shock-associated odor.
Journal ArticleDOI
dunce, a mutant of Drosophila deficient in learning
TL;DR: An X-linked mutant, dunce, has been isolated that fails to display this learning in spite of being able to sense the odorant and electric shock and showing essentially normal behavior in other respects.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Brain of the Honeybee Apis Mellifera. I. The Connections and Spatial Organization of the Mushroom Bodies
TL;DR: The anatomy of the bee's mushroom bodies suggests that they process second-order antennal and fourth- and higher-order visual information and the feedback pathways are discussed as possible means of creating long-lasting after-effects which may be important in complex timing processes and possibly the formation of short-term memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Conditioned responses in courtship behavior of normal and mutant Drosophila
TL;DR: The results suggest that fertilized females are a source of both courtship-provoking and Courtship-inhibiting olfactory cues and that the central association of these cues in males is sufficient to bring about the retention of modified courtship behavior.
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