Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Asian monsoons and phased uplift of the Himalaya–Tibetan plateau since Late Miocene times
TLDR
The results of a numerical climate-model experiment support the argument that the stages in evolution of Asian monsoons are linked to phases of Himalaya–Tibetan plateau uplift and to Northern Hemisphere glaciation.Abstract:
The climates of Asia are affected significantly by the extent and height of the Himalayan mountains and the Tibetan plateau1,2,3,4 Uplift of this region began about 50 Myr ago, and further significant increases in altitude of the Tibetan plateau are thought to have occurred about 10–8 Myr ago4,5, or more recently However, the climatic consequences of this uplift remain unclear Here we use records of aeolian sediments from China6,7 and marine sediments from the Indian8,9,10 and North Pacific oceans11 to identify three stages of evolution of Asian climates: first, enhanced aridity in the Asian interior and onset of the Indian and east Asian monsoons, about 9–8 Myr ago; next, continued intensification of the east Asian summer and winter monsoons, together with increased dust transport to the North Pacific Ocean11, about 36–26 Myr ago; and last, increased variability and possible weakening of the Indian and east Asian summer monsoons and continued strengthening of the east Asian winter monsoon since about 26 Myr ago The results of a numerical climate-model experiment, using idealized stepwise increases of mountain–plateau elevation, support the argument that the stages in evolution of Asian monsoons are linked to phases of Himalaya–Tibetan plateau uplift and to Northern Hemisphere glaciationread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Palynological evidence for late Miocene stepwise aridification on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
TL;DR: In this article, a late Miocene pollen record from the Tianshui Basin in the eastern Longzhong Basin was used to study the evolution of the Asian interior aridification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wind tunnel test and 137Cs tracing study on wind erosion of several soils in Tibet
TL;DR: Based on field investigations, wind tunnel experiments, and a 137 Cs trace study, this article tested the erodibility of these soils by wind, simulated the protective functions of natural vegetation and the accelerative effects of damage by livestock, woodcutting, and cultivation on erosion, and estimated erosion rates from 1963 to 2001.
Journal ArticleDOI
Grain-size distribution of Pleistocene loess deposits in northern Iran and its palaeoclimatic implications
Xin Wang,Haitao Wei,Farhad Khormali,Mehdi Taheri,Martin Kehl,Manfred Frechen,Tobias Lauer,Fahu Chen,Fahu Chen +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of grain-size analyses of the Pleistocene loess from the so-called Iranian Loess Plateau (ILP) in northern Iran are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pedogenesis, permafrost, substrate and topography: Plot and landscape scale interrelations of weathering processes on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau
TL;DR: In this article, weathering indices and pedogenic oxides ratios (POR) were used to describe patterns of weathering inten- sities and pedogenesis along climatic gradients, mainly affected by varying influences of the Asian and Indian Monsoon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Middle Eocene East Asian monsoon prevalence over southern China: Evidence from palynological records
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors quantitatively reconstructed seven climatic parameters, which indicate a subtropical monsoon climate with a mean annual temperature (MAT) in the range 16.5 to 23.5°C and a mean average annual precipitation (MAP) of 1035 to 1724mm, similar to those of the modern tropical EAM climate in southern China although the MAT was surprisingly lower than present.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global vegetation change through the Miocene/Pliocene boundary
Thure E. Cerling,John Harris,Bruce J. MacFadden,Meave G. Leakey,Jay Quade,Véra Eisenmann,James R. Ehleringer +6 more
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that between 8 and 6 million years ago, there was a global increase in the biomass of plants using C4 photosynthesis as indicated by changes in the carbon isotope ratios of fossil tooth enamel in Asia, Africa, North America and South America.
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Mantle dynamics, uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Indian Monsoon
TL;DR: For example, Hou et al. as mentioned in this paper show that a small increase in the mean elevation of the Tibetan Plateau of 1000 m or more in a few million years is required by abrupt tectonic and environmental changes in Asia and the Indian Ocean.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surface Deformation and Lower Crustal Flow in Eastern Tibet
Leigh H. Royden,B. Clark Burchfiel,Robert W. King,Erchie Wang,Zhiliang Chen,Feng Shen,Y. Liu +6 more
TL;DR: This model predicts east-west extension on the high plateau without convective removal of Tibetan lithosphere and without eastward movement of the crust east of the plateau.
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Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciation
TL;DR: The authors examined grain-size data from Chinese loess and intercalated accretionary palaeosols of last-glacial age for evidence of similar climate signals remote from the North Atlantic region.
Journal ArticleDOI
Finite strain calculations of continental deformation .2. comparison with the india-asia collision zone
TL;DR: In this article, a thin viscous sheet model for deformation of continental lithosphere subjected to an indenting boundary condition yield distributions of crustal thickness, of stress and strain rate, and of latitudinal displacements that may be compared with observations in the India-Asia collision zone.