Open Access
Exercise alone is not enough : weight loss also needs a healthy (Mediterranean) diet?
TLDR
In this article, the authors investigated the variability in appetite and body weight when participants engaged in a supervised and monitored exercise programme, and found that even when exercise energy expenditure is high, a healthy diet is still required for weight loss to occur in many people.Abstract:
Objective: In the majority of exercise intervention studies, the aggregate reported weight loss is often small. The efficacy of exercise as a weight loss tool remains in question. The aim of the present study was to investigate the variability in appetite and body weight when participants engaged in a supervised and monitored exercise programme. ----------
Design: Fifty-eight obese men and women (BMI = 31·8 ± 4·5 kg/m2) were prescribed exercise to expend approximately 2092 kJ (500 kcal) per session, five times a week at an intensity of 70 % maximum heart rate for 12 weeks under supervised conditions in the research unit. Body weight and composition, total daily energy intake and various health markers were measured at weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12. ----------
Results: Mean reduction in body weight (3·2 ± 1·98 kg) was significant (P < 0·001); however, there was large individual variability (−14·7 to +2·7 kg). This large variability could be largely attributed to the differences in energy intake over the 12-week intervention. Those participants who failed to lose meaningful weight increased their food intake and reduced intake of fruits and vegetables. ----------
Conclusion: These data have demonstrated that even when exercise energy expenditure is high, a healthy diet is still required for weight loss to occur in many people.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Improving health through policies that promote active travel: a review of evidence to support integrated health impact assessment
Audrey de Nazelle,Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen,Josep M. Antó,Michael Brauer,David J. Briggs,Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer,Nick Cavill,Ashley R Cooper,Hélène Desqueyroux,Scott Fruin,Gerard Hoek,Luc Int Panis,Nicole A.H. Janssen,Michael Jerrett,Michael Joffe,Zorana Jovanovic Andersen,Elise van Kempen,Simon Kingham,Nadine Kubesch,Kevin M. Leyden,Kevin M. Leyden,Julian D. Marshall,Jaume Matamala,Giorgos Mellios,Michelle A. Mendez,Hala Nassif,David Ogilvie,Rosana Peiró,Katherine Pérez,Ari Rabl,Martina S. Ragettli,Daniel A. Rodriguez,David Rojas,Pablo Ruiz,James F. Sallis,Jeroen Terwoert,Jean-François Toussaint,Jouni T. Tuomisto,Moniek Zuurbier,Erik Lebret +39 more
TL;DR: Evaluating impacts of active travel policies is highly complex; however, many associations can be quantified, and identifying health-maximizing policies and conditions requires integrated HIAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Diet and Exercise, Alone or Combined, on Weight and Body Composition in Overweight-to-Obese Postmenopausal Women
Karen E. Foster-Schubert,Catherine M. Alfano,Catherine Duggan,Liren Xiao,Kristin L. Campbell,Angela Kong,Carolyn Bain,Ching Yun Wang,Ching Yun Wang,George L. Blackburn,Anne McTiernan,Anne McTiernan +11 more
TL;DR: Among postmenopausal women, lifestyle‐change involving diet, exercise, or both combined over 1 year improves body weight and adiposity, with the greatest change arising from the combined intervention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise, appetite and appetite-regulating hormones: implications for food intake and weight control.
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that chronic exercise training typically causes a partial but incomplete compensation in energy intake perhaps due to beneficial changes in appetite-regulating hormones and additional evidence is required to confirm the effectiveness of this strategy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise, appetite and weight management: understanding the compensatory responses in eating behaviour and how they contribute to variability in exercise-induced weight loss
Neil A. King,Katy Horner,Andrew P. Hills,Nuala M. Byrne,Rachel E. Wood,Eleanor J. Bryant,Phillipa Caudwell,Graham Finlayson,Catherine Gibbons,Mark Hopkins,Catia Martins,John E. Blundell +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the physiological, psychological and behavioural factors potentially involved in the relationship between exercise and appetite, and identify the research questions that remain unanswered, including whether people who exercise compensate for the increase in energy expenditure via compensatory increases in hunger and food intake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beneficial effects of exercise: shifting the focus from body weight to other markers of health
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that significant and meaningful health benefits can be achieved even in the presence of lower-than-expected exercise-induced weight loss, and a less successful reduction in body weight does not undermine the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis in Resistance to Fat Gain in Humans
TL;DR: It is suggested that as humans overeat, activation of NEAT dissipates excess energy to preserve leanness and that failure to activate NEAT may result in ready fat gain.
Journal ArticleDOI
A meta-analysis of the past 25 years of weight loss research using diet, exercise or diet plus exercise intervention
WC Miller,DM Koceja,EJ Hamilton +2 more
TL;DR: Weight loss research over the past 25 years has been very narrowly focused on a middle age population that is only moderately obese, while the interventions lasted for only short periods of time.
Journal Article
Meta-analysis: effect of exercise, with or without dieting, on the body composition of overweight subjects.
J S Garrow,Carolyn Summerbell +1 more
TL;DR: Aerobic exercise causes a modest loss in weight without dieting and exercise provides some conservation of FFM during weight loss by dieting, probably in part by maintaining glycogen and water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relation between Caloric Intake, Body Weight, and Physical Work STUDIES IN AN INDUSTRIAL MALE POPULATION IN WEST BENGAL
TL;DR: It has been shown that when rats are exercised for increasing durations on a treadmill, intakes vary linearly with exercise only within certain limits of activity, and that spontaneous inactivity is a major factor in the development of genetic obesity in the mouse.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cross talk between physical activity and appetite control: does physical activity stimulate appetite?
TL;DR: It can be demonstrated that when active individuals are forced into a sedentary routine food intake does not decrease to a lower level to match the reduced energy expenditure, this situation creates a substantial positive energy balance accompanied by weight gain.
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