Field Evaluation of Low-Cost PM Sensors (Purple Air PA-II) Under Variable Urban Air Quality Conditions, in Greece
Iasonas Stavroulas,Georgios Grivas,Panagiotis Michalopoulos,Eleni Liakakou,Aikaterini Bougiatioti,Panayiotis Kalkavouras,Kyriaki Maria Fameli,Nikolaos Hatzianastassiou,Nikolaos Mihalopoulos,Evangelos Gerasopoulos +9 more
TLDR
In this paper, a field evaluation of Purple Air PA-II devices (low-cost, compact, particulate matter (PM) sensors) is performed in two urban environments and across three seasons in Greece, in comparison to different types of reference instruments.Abstract:
Recent advances in particle sensor technologies have led to an increased development and utilization of low-cost, compact, particulate matter (PM) monitors. These devices can be deployed in dense monitoring networks, enabling an improved characterization of the spatiotemporal variability in ambient levels and exposure. However, the reliability of their measurements is an important prerequisite, necessitating rigorous performance evaluation and calibration in comparison to reference-grade instrumentation. In this study, field evaluation of Purple Air PA-II devices (low-cost PM sensors) is performed in two urban environments and across three seasons in Greece, in comparison to different types of reference instruments. Measurements were conducted in Athens (the largest city in Greece with nearly four-million inhabitants) for five months spanning over the summer of 2019 and winter/spring of 2020 and in Ioannina, a medium-sized city in northwestern Greece (100,000 inhabitants) during winter/spring 2019–2020. The PM2.5 sensor output correlates strongly with reference measurements (R2 = 0.87 against a beta attenuation monitor and R2 = 0.98 against an optical reference-grade monitor). Deviations in the sensor-reference agreement are identified as mainly related to elevated coarse particle concentrations and high ambient relative humidity. Simple and multiple regression models are tested to compensate for these biases, drastically improving the sensor’s response. Large decreases in sensor error are observed after implementation of models, leading to mean absolute percentage errors of 0.18 and 0.12 for the Athens and Ioannina datasets, respectively. Overall, a quality-controlled and robustly evaluated low-cost network can be an integral component for air quality monitoring in a smart city. Case studies are presented along this line, where a network of PA-II devices is used to monitor the air quality deterioration during a peri-urban forest fire event affecting the area of Athens and during extreme wintertime smog events in Ioannina, related to wood burning for residential heating.read more
Citations
More filters
The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities
Prashant Kumar,Lidia Morawska,Claudio Martani,George Biskos,George Biskos,George Biskos,Marina Neophytou,Silvana Di Sabatino,Margaret Bell,Leslie Norford,Rex Britter +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors illustrate the drivers behind current rises in the use of low-cost sensors for air pollution management in cities, whilst addressing the major challenges for their effective implementation.
Journal ArticleDOI
From low-cost sensors to high-quality data: A summary of challenges and best practices for effectively calibrating low-cost particulate matter mass sensors
Michael R. Giordano,Carl Malings,Spyros N. Pandis,Albert A. Presto,V. F. McNeill,Daniel M. Westervelt,Daniel M. Westervelt,Matthias Beekmann,R. Subramanian +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the needs and challenges when trying to get high-quality data from low-cost sensors and present a set of best practices to follow to obtain high quality data from these sensors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development and application of a United States-wide correction for PM 2.5 data collected with the PurpleAir sensor
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance of a limited number of PurpleAir sensors in small geographic areas or laboratory environments and found that the raw data from these sensors overestimate PM 2.5 concentrations by about 40% in most parts of the US.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrating in situ Measurements and City Scale Modelling to Assess the COVID–19 Lockdown Effects on Emissions and Air Quality in Athens, Greece
Georgios Grivas,Eleni Athanasopoulou,Anastasia Kakouri,Jennifer Bailey,Eleni Liakakou,Iasonas Stavroulas,Panayiotis Kalkavouras,Aikaterini Bougiatioti,Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis,Michel Ramonet,Nikolaos Mihalopoulos,Evangelos Gerasopoulos +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of a 7-week lockdown in the Greater Area of Athens, coupled with in situ observations with estimations from a meteorology-atmospheric chemistry model, were assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Establishing A Sustainable Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Setup: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art
TL;DR: This article summarizes the existing studies on the state-of-the-art of LCS for AQM, and conceptualizes a step by step procedure to establish a sustainable AQM setup with LCS that can produce reliable data.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease An Update to the Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Robert D. Brook,Sanjay Rajagopalan,C. Arden Pope,Jeffrey R. Brook,Aruni Bhatnagar,Ana V. Diez-Roux,Fernando Holguin,Yuling Hong,Russell V. Luepker,Murray A. Mittleman,Annette Peters,David S. Siscovick,Sidney C. Smith,Laurie P. Whitsel,Joel D. Kaufman +14 more
TL;DR: It is the opinion of the writing group that the overall evidence is consistent with a causal relationship between PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
NOAA’s HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling System
TL;DR: The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) as mentioned in this paper is one of the most widely used models for atmospheric trajectory and dispersion calculations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Air Pollution and Mortality in the Medicare Population.
Qian Di,Yan Wang,Antonella Zanobetti,Yun Wang,Petros Koutrakis,Christine Choirat,Francesca Dominici,Joel Schwartz +7 more
TL;DR: In the entire Medicare population, there was significant evidence of adverse effects related to exposure to PM2.5 and ozone at concentrations below current national standards.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ambient Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Mortality in 652 Cities
Cong Liu,Renjie Chen,Francesco Sera,Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera,Yuming Guo,Shilu Tong,Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho,Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva,Eric Lavigne,Patricia Matus,Nicolas Valdes Ortega,Samuel David Osorio García,M. Pascal,Massimo Stafoggia,Matteo Scortichini,Masahiro Hashizume,Yasushi Honda,Magali Hurtado-Díaz,Julio Cruz,Baltazar Nunes,João Paulo Teixeira,Ho Kim,Aurelio Tobias,Carmen Iñiguez,Bertil Forsberg,Christofer Åström,Martina S. Ragettli,Yue Leon Guo,Bing-Yu Chen,Michelle L. Bell,Caradee Y. Wright,Noah Scovronick,Rebecca M. Garland,Ai Milojevic,Jan Kyselý,Aleš Urban,Hans Orru,Ene Indermitte,Jouni J. K. Jaakkola,Niilo R.I. Ryti,Klea Katsouyanni,Antonis Analitis,Antonella Zanobetti,Joel Schwartz,Jianmin Chen,Tangchun Wu,Aaron J Cohen,Aaron J Cohen,Antonio Gasparrini,Haidong Kan +49 more
TL;DR: The data show independent associations between short-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 and daily all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in more than 600 cities across the globe, and reinforce the evidence of a link between mortality and PM concentration established in regional and local studies.