Finite-difference-pseudopotential method: Electronic structure calculations without a basis.

TLDR: In this article, a method for performing electronic structure calculations without the explicit use of a basis is presented. But this method requires the use of supercell geometries and no artifacts such as supercells need be introduced for localized systems.

Abstract: We present a method for performing electronic structure calculations without the explicit use of a basis. We combine a finite-difference approach with ab initio pseudopotentials. In contrast to methods which use a plane wave basis, our calculations are performed completely in ``real space.'' No artifacts such as supercell geometries need be introduced for localized systems. Although this approach is easier to implement than one with a plane wave basis, no loss of accuracy occurs. The electronic structure of several diatomic molecules, ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$, ${\mathrm{C}}_{2}$, ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, and CO, are calculated to illustrate the utility of this method.