Journal ArticleDOI
Fluvastatin and lovastatin but not pravastatin induce neuroglial differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells
Oscar K. Lee,Ying Chieh Ko,Tom K. Kuo,Shiu Huey Chou,Hwei Ju Li,Wei Ming Chen,Tain Hsiung Chen,Yeu Su +7 more
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TLDR
The results suggest that fluvastatin and lovastatin induce neuroglial differentiation of human MSCs and that these cholesterol‐lowering agents might be used in conjunction with MSC transplantation in the future for treating neurological disorders and injuries.Abstract:
Recent studies have shown that statins, the most potent inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-2-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, stimulate bone formation in vitro and in rodents by activating the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), one of the most critical osteoblast differentiation-inducing factors. However, the effect of statins on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is yet to be reported. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of fluvastatin, lovastatin, and pravastatin, three commonly prescribed lipid-lowering agents, on the proliferation and differentiation of human MSCs. To our surprise, even though fluvastatin and lovastatin effectively suppressed the growth of human MSCs, a neuroglia rather than osteoblast-like morphology was observed after treatment. Interestingly, such morphological change was inhibited by the co-addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). Immunofluorescence staining with antibodies against neuron-, astrocyte-, as well as oligodendrocyte-specific markers confirmed the neuroglial identity of the differentiated cells. However, BMP-2 is unlikely to play a positive role in neuroglial differentiation of MSCs since its expression was down-regulated in fluvastatin-treated cells. Taken together, our results suggest that fluvastatin and lovastatin induce neuroglial differentiation of human MSCs and that these cholesterol-lowering agents might be used in conjunction with MSC transplantation in the future for treating neurological disorders and injuries.read more
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Coordinated Changes of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Antioxidant Enzymes During Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
TL;DR: This study investigated the changes of mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetic function using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) because of their well‐defined differentiation potentials and suggested an energy production transition from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in hMSCs upon osteogenic induction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coordinated changes of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzymes during osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
TL;DR: This paper investigated the changes of mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetic function using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) because of their well-defined differentiation potentials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stem cell therapy for liver disease: parameters governing the success of using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
Tom K. Kuo,Shun Pei Hung,Chiao Hui Chuang,Chien Tsun Chen,Yu Ru V. Shih,Szu–Ching Y. Fang,Vincent W. Yang,Oscar K. Lee,Oscar K. Lee +8 more
TL;DR: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can effectively rescue experimental liver failure and contribute to liver regeneration and offer a potentially alternative therapy to organ transplantation for treatment of liver diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Matrix stiffness regulation of integrin‐mediated mechanotransduction during osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the matrix rigidity affects the osteogenic outcome of MSCs through mechanotransduction events that are mediated by α2‐integrin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Growth of mesenchymal stem cells on electrospun type I collagen nanofibers
TL;DR: Type I collagen nanofibers support the growth of MSCs without compromising their osteogenic differentiation capability and can be used as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering to facilitate intramembranous bone formation.
References
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Multilineage Potential of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mark F. Pittenger,Alastair Morgan Mackay,Stephen C. Beck,Rama K. Jaiswal,Robin Douglas,Joseph D. Mosca,Mark Aaron Moorman,Donald William Jr. Ward Road Simonetti,Stewart Craig,Daniel R. Marshak +9 more
TL;DR: Adult stem cells isolated from marrow aspirates of volunteer donors could be induced to differentiate exclusively into the adipocytic, chondrocytic, or osteocytic lineages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stimulation of bone formation in vitro and in rodents by statins.
Gregory R. Mundy,R I Garrett,Stephen E. Harris,J. Chan,David J. Chen,G. Rossini,Brendan F. Boyce,Ming Zhao,Gloria Gutierrez +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the statins, drugs widely used for lowering serum cholesterol, also enhance new bone formation in vitro and in rodents, and may have therapeutic applications for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord blood.
TL;DR: Surprisingly, these cells were also able to differentiate into neuroglial- and hepatocyte-like cells under appropriate induction conditions and, thus, they may be more than mesenchymal stem cells as evidenced by their ability to differentiation into cell types of all 3 germ layers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beneficial effects of cholesterol-lowering therapy on the coronary endothelium in patients with coronary artery disease.
Charles B. Treasure,J L Klein,William S. Weintraub,J. D. Talley,M. E. Stillabower,Andrzej S. Kosinski,Jian Zhang,Stephen J. Boccuzzi,J. C. Cedarholm,Robert Alexander +9 more
TL;DR: Cholesterol lowering with lovastatin significantly improved endothelium-mediated responses in the coronary arteries of patients with atherosclerosis, and improvement in the local regulation of coronary arterial tone could potentially relieve ischemic symptoms and signal the stabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statin Therapy Accelerates Reendothelialization A Novel Effect Involving Mobilization and Incorporation of Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells
Dirk H. Walter,Kilian Rittig,Ferdinand H. Bahlmann,Rudolf Kirchmair,Marcy Silver,Toshinori Murayama,Hiromi Nishimura,Douglas W. Losordo,Takayuki Asahara,Jeffrey M. Isner +9 more
TL;DR: These findings establish additional mechanisms by which statins may specifically preempt disordered vascular wall pathology and constitute physiological evidence that EPC mobilization represents a functionally relevant consequence of statin therapy.