Showing papers in "Hepatology in 2004"

TL;DR: The prevalence of hepatic steatosis was greater in men than women among whites, but not in blacks or Hispanics, and significant ethnic and sex differences in the prevalence may have a profound impact on susceptibility to Steatosis‐related liver disease.

TL;DR: Intended for use by physicians, these recommendations suggest preferred approaches to the diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive aspects of care to be flexible, in contrast to standards of care, which are inflexible policies to be followed in every case.

TL;DR: Reduced adiponectin level is associated with more extensive necroinflammation and may contribute to the development of necroinflammatory forms of NAFLD.

TL;DR: Human MSCs from different sources are able to differentiate into functional hepatocyte‐like cells and, hence, may serve as a cell source for tissue engineering and cell therapy of hepatic tissues and indicates that a revision of the definition may be required.

TL;DR: The biological differences identified in the HCC subclasses should provide an attractive source for the development of therapeutic targets (e.g., HIF1a) for selective treatment of HCC patients.

TL;DR: In‐hospital mortality of patients with cirrhosis and variceal bleeding decreased threefold over the past two decades, in concurrence with an early and combined use of pharmacological and endoscopic therapies and short‐term antibiotic prophylaxis.

TL;DR: In a dietary murine model of NAFLD, either genetic or pharmacological inactivation of ctsb protected against development of hepatic steatosis, liver injury, and insulin resistance with its associated “dysmetabolic syndrome.”

TL;DR: It is indicated that treatment with an insulin‐sensitizing agent can lead to improvement in biochemical and histological features of NASH and support the role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of this disease.

TL;DR: In conclusion, weight loss after surgery provides major improvement or resolution of obesity and metabolic syndrome‐associated abnormal liver histological features in severely obese subjects.

TL;DR: The review of the rapidly expanding literature presented here, particularly as it deals with stem cells, was guided by a few principles: be wary of dogma1 and of overinterpretation of data.

TL;DR: 2 years of therapy with UDCA at a dose of 13 to 15 mg/kg/d, although safe and well tolerated, is not better than placebo for patients with NASH.

TL;DR: No increase in fetal risk was detected in ICP patients with bile acid levels < 40 μmol/L, and it is proposed that these women be managed expectantly, which would significantly reduce the costs of medical care.

TL;DR: Structural analyses of HCV components provide an essential framework for understanding of the molecular mechanisms ofHCV polyprotein processing, RNA replication, and virion assembly and may contribute to a betterUnderstanding of the pathogenesis of hepatitis C.

TL;DR: This international group of liver pathologists and hepatologists seeks to arrive at a consensus on nomenclature for normal human livers and human reactive lesions that can facilitate more rapid advancement of the field.

TL;DR: Treatment with synbiotics or fermentable fiber is an alternative to lactulose for the management of MHE in patients with cirrhosis and was associated with a significant reduction in blood ammonia levels and reversal of M HE in 50% of patients.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided suggesting that T cells may also play a protective role in liver disease by releasing interleukin‐22 (IL‐22), a recently identified T cell‐derived cytokine whose biological significance is unclear.

TL;DR: CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes constitute a highly differentiated population and appear to play a role in viral persistence by suppressing HCV‐specific T cell responses in a cell–cell contact manner.

TL;DR: Mice with BMC transplants with continuous CCl4 injection had reduced liver fibrosis and a significantly improved survival rate after BMC transplantation compared with mice treated with CCl 4 alone, and this finding introduces a new concept for the therapy of Liver fibrosis.

TL;DR: These guidelines were developed under the auspices of, and approved by, the Practice Guidelines Committee of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and were updated in September of 2003.

TL;DR: Critical insights into these complex relations between apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis may help promote rationallybased therapies for patients with chronic liver diseases, and it is anticipated that these concepts will help stimulate further investigation into mechanisms connecting cell death to inflammation and Fibrosis.

TL;DR: It still must be asked: Is this amount of injury and death really acceptable for an over‐the‐counter pain reliever?

TL;DR: Modifying MELD, by including points for persistent ascites and low serum sodium, improved prediction of early pretransplant mortality in low MELD score patients, and should be considered in setting minimal listing criteria.

TL;DR: The use of techniques to measure the wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP), developed more than 50 years ago, has played a major role in elucidating the pathophysiology of the syndrome and in developing currently available pharmacologic therapy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the results of repeat liver biopsies to evaluate progression of fibrosis in untreated patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and identified associated variables.

TL;DR: It is concluded that increased portal pressure estimated by early HVPG measurement is a main determinant of treatment failure and survival in variceal bleeding, and early TIPS placement reduces treatment failures and mortality in high risk patients defined by hemodynamic criteria.

TL;DR: Evaluating the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) as a key factor in acetaminophen‐induced necrotic and apoptotic killing of primary cultured mouse hepatocytes found it induces ATP depletion–dependent necrosis or caspase‐dependent apoptosis as determined, in part, by ATP availability from glycolysis.

TL;DR: The present data raise the possibility that an angiotensin II receptor antagonist may be therapeutically efficacious for NASH.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that initial complete response to percutaneous ablation is associated with an improved survival in both Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh class A and B patients with nonsurgical HCC, and initial complete tumor necrosis should be considered a relevant therapeutic target irrespective of tumor size and liver function.

TL;DR: Insulin resistance is a major, independent risk factor for advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, and increased ferritin levels are markers of severe histologic damage, but not of iron overload.

TL;DR: It is suggested that adiponectin prevents LPS‐induced hepatic injury by inhibiting the synthesis and/or release of TNF‐α of KK‐Ay obese mice.