Foraging across the life span: is there a reduction in exploration with aging?
TLDR
Overall, the evidence suggests that foraging behavior may undergo significant changes across the life span across internal and external search, and finds evidence of a trend toward reduced exploration with increased age.Abstract:
Does foraging change across the life span, and in particular, with aging? We report data from two foraging tasks used to investigate age differences in search in external environments as well as internal search in memory. Overall, the evidence suggests that foraging behavior may undergo significant changes across the life span across internal and external search. In particular, we find evidence of a trend towards reduced exploration with increased age. We discuss these findings in light of theories that postulate a link between aging and reductions in novelty seeking and exploratory behavior.read more
Citations
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Unpacking the exploration–exploitation tradeoff: A synthesis of human and animal literatures.
Sabine Mehlhorn,Ben R. Newell,Peter M. Todd,Michael D. Lee,Kate Morgan,Victoria A. Braithwaite,Daniel Hausmann,Klaus Fiedler,Cleotilde Gonzalez +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore how potential tradeoffs depend on the conceptualization of exploration and exploitation, the influencing environmental, social, and individual factors, the scale at which exploration and exploit are considered, the relationship and types of transitions between the two behaviors, and the goals of the decision maker.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Affective Neuroscience of Aging.
TL;DR: This review examines how age-related brain changes influence processes such as attending to and remembering emotional stimuli, regulating emotion, and recognizing emotional expressions, as well as empathy, risk taking, impulsivity, behavior change, and attentional focus.
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Learning about aposematic prey
TL;DR: The aim of the review is to promote the view that predators do not simply learn to avoid aposematic prey, but rather make adaptive decisions about both when to gather information about defended prey and when to include them in their diets.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Primer on Foraging and the Explore/Exploit Trade-Off for Psychiatry Research
TL;DR: The explore/exploit trade-off has been studied extensively in behavioral ecology and computational neuroscience, but is relatively new to the field of psychiatry as discussed by the authors, which can offer psychiatry research a new approach to studying motivation, outcome valuation, and effort-related processes which are disrupted in many mental and emotional disorders.
References
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Discretionary task interleaving: heuristics for time allocation in cognitive foraging.
TL;DR: The authors propose that switch decisions reflected a dual orientation to the experimental tasks, which produced a sensitivity to continuous rate of return and an information-foraging orientation that produced a tendency to switch in keeping with R. F. Green's (1984) rule.
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When less is enough: Cognitive aging, information search, and decision quality in consumer choice.
Rui Mata,Ludmila D. Nunes +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the aging decision maker can afford to neglect information because this leads to small losses in decision quality, and less may be enough for the aging consumer.
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A Cross-Setting Study of Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Personality Structure and Development: Zoological Parks and Yerkes National Primate Research Center
TL;DR: For instance, this paper found that personality ratings using a 43 adjective questionnaire based on the Five-Factor Model generalized from a sample of 202 zoo-housed chimpanzees to a sample with 175 chimpanzees housed in Yerkes National Primate Research Center.
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A Bayesian Optimal Foraging Model of Human Visual Search
TL;DR: Results showed that individuals searched longer when they expected more targets to be present and adjusted their expectations on-line during each search by taking into account the higher-order, across-trial target distributions, which suggests that training could improve multiple-target search performance.
RESEARCH ARTICLE A Cross-Setting Study of Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Personality Structure and Development: Zoological Parks and Yerkes National Primate Research Center
TL;DR: Whereas there may be differences in the ease with which ratings are made, personality structure, and development are largely consistent across widely differing settings.