Global Evidence on Economic Preferences
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The Global Preference Survey (GPS) as discussed by the authors ) is an experimentally validated survey dataset of time preference, risk preference, positive and negative reciprocity, altruism, and trust from 80,000 individuals in 76 countries.Abstract:
This paper studies the global variation in economic preferences. For this purpose, we present the Global Preference Survey (GPS), an experimentally validated survey dataset of time preference, risk preference, positive and negative reciprocity, altruism, and trust from 80,000 individuals in 76 countries. The data reveal substantial heterogeneity in preferences across countries, but even larger within-country heterogeneity. Across individuals, preferences vary with age, gender, and cognitive ability, yet these relationships appear partly country specific. At the country level, the data reveal correlations between preferences and bio-geographic and cultural variables such as agricultural suitability, language structure, and religion. Variation in preferences is also correlated with economic outcomes and behaviors. Within countries and subnational regions, preferences are linked to individual savings decisions, labor market choices, and prosocial behaviors. Across countries, preferences vary with aggregate outcomes ranging from per capita income, to entrepreneurial activities, to the frequency of armed conflicts.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Church, intensive kinship, and global psychological variation.
TL;DR: It is proposed that the Western Church transformed European kinship structures during the Middle Ages and that this transformation was a key factor behind a shift towards a WEIRDer psychology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship of gender differences in preferences to economic development and gender equality
Armin Falk,Johannes Hermle +1 more
TL;DR: Gender differences were found to be strongly positively associated with economic development as well as gender equality, and the reported evidence indicates that higher levels of economic development and gender equality favor the manifestation of gender differences in preferences across countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prosociality predicts health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pol Campos-Mercade,Armando N. Meier,Armando N. Meier,Florian Schneider,Erik Wengström,Erik Wengström +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a large majority of people are very reluctant to put others at risk for their personal benefit, and this measure of prosociality predicts health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, measured in a separate and unrelated study with the same people.
Journal ArticleDOI
Civic honesty around the globe
TL;DR: The trade-off between honesty and self-interest is examined using field experiments in 355 cities spanning 40 countries around the globe and it is found that in virtually all countries, citizens were more likely to return wallets that contained more money.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monetary incentives increase COVID-19 vaccinations.
Pol Campos-Mercade,Armando N. Meier,Armando N. Meier,Florian Schneider,Stephan Meier,Devin G. Pope,Devin G. Pope,Erik Wengström,Erik Wengström +8 more
TL;DR: The stalling of COVID-19 vaccination rates threatens public health as mentioned in this paper, and to increase vaccination rates, governments across the world are considering the use of monetary incentives, such as tax incentives.
References
More filters
Book
Culture′s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations
TL;DR: In this paper, values and culture data collection, treatment and validation power distance Uncertainty Avoidance Individualism and Collectivism Masculinity and Femininity Long versus Short-Term Orientation Cultures in Organizations Intercultural Encounters Using Culture Dimension Scores in Theory and Research
Journal ArticleDOI
Does Social Capital Have an Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation
Stephen Knack,Philip Keefer +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used indicators of trust and civic norms from the World Values Surveys for a sample of 29 market economies and found that membership in formal groups is not associated with trust or with improved economic performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gender Differences in Preferences
Rachel Croson,Uri Gneezy +1 more
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the literature on gender differences in economic experiments and identified robust differences in risk preferences, social (other-regarding) preferences, and competitive preferences, speculating on the source of these differences and their implications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altruistic punishment in humans.
Ernst Fehr,Simon Gächter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that negative emotions towards defectors are the proximate mechanism behind altruistic punishment and that cooperation flourishes if altruistic punishments are possible, and breaks down if it is ruled out.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive Reflection and Decision Making
TL;DR: This paper introduced a three-item Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) as a simple measure of one type of cognitive ability, i.e., the ability or disposition to reflect on a question and resist reporting the first response that comes to mind.