Height Aiding, C/N 0 Weighting and Consistency Checking for GNSS NLOS and Multipath Mitigation in Urban Areas
Paul D. Groves,Ziyi Jiang +1 more
TLDR
Three different techniques for mitigating the impact of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) reception and multipath interference on position accuracy without using additional hardware are investigated, testing them using data collected at multiple sites in central London.Abstract:
Multiple global navigation satellite system (GNSS) constellations can dramatically improve the signal availability in dense urban environments. However, accuracy remains a challenge because buildings block, reflect and diffract the signals. This paper investigates three different techniques for mitigating the impact of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) reception and multipath interference on position accuracy without using additional hardware, testing them using data collected at multiple sites in central London. Aiding the position solution using a terrain height database was found to have the biggest impact, improving the horizontal accuracy by 35% and the vertical accuracy by a factor of 4. An 8% improvement in horizontal accuracy was also obtained from weighting the GNSS measurements in the position solution according to the carrier-power-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0). Consistency checking using a conventional sequential elimination technique was found to degrade horizontal positioning performance by 60% because it often eliminated the wrong measurements in cases when multiple signals were affected by NLOS reception or strong multipath interference. A new consistency checking method that compares subsets of measurements performed better, but was still equally likely to improve or degrade the accuracy. This was partly because removing a poor measurement can result in adverse signal geometry, degrading the position accuracy. Based on this, several ways of improving the reliability of consistency checking are proposed.read more
Citations
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GNSS Vulnerabilities and Existing Solutions: A Review of the Literature
Jasmine Zidan,Elijah I. Adegoke,Erik Kampert,Stewart A. Birrell,Col R. Ford,Matthew D. Higgins +5 more
TL;DR: In regards to GNSS threats, jamming and spoofing attacks as well as detection techniques adopted in the literature are surveyed and summarized and multipath propagation in GNSS and non line of sight (NLoS) detection techniques are discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
The four key challenges of advanced multisensor navigation and positioning
TL;DR: This paper describes the problems, discusses possible approaches, and proposes a program of research and standardization activities to solve them, illustrated with results from research into urban GNSS positioning, GNSS shadow matching, environmental feature matching, and context detection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multipath Mitigation for GNSS Positioning in an Urban Environment Using Sparse Estimation
TL;DR: Experiments conducted with real GPS data show the effectiveness of the proposed method as long as the sparsity assumption is respected, and the weighting matrix of this algorithm is designed carefully as functions of the satellite carrier-to-noise density ratio and the satellite elevations.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Robust GNSS LOS/NLOS Signal Classifier
TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach for LOS/NLOS classification utilizing supervised machine learning algorithms is presented, which is able to predict with high certainty (>85 percent) the satellites visibility status in dense urban regions.
Level of detail in 3D city models
TL;DR: This research demonstrates that it is possible to generate 3D city models without elevation measurements, inherently augmenting the LOD of coarser data (2D footprints), and proposes a new LOD specification that may be integrated in product portfolios and tenders as a better language for communicating the specifics of a dataset to be acquired.
References
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TL;DR: The second edition of the Artech House book Principles of GNSS, Inertial, and Multisensor Integrated Navigation Systems as discussed by the authors offers a current and comprehensive understanding of satellite navigation, inertial navigation, terrestrial radio navigation, dead reckoning, and environmental feature matching.