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High-Resolution X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy as a Probe of Local Atomic Structure: Application to Amorphous Si O 2 and the Si-Si O 2 Interface

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TLDR
In this paper, the chemical structure of thin Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ films and Si${O}$-Si interfaces has been investigated using high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Abstract
The chemical structure of thin Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ films and Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$-Si interfaces has been investigated using high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The data are consistent with a continuous random network of four-, six-, seven-, and eight-member rings of Si${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ tetrahedra joined together by bridging oxygens. This distribution changes substantially within 30 \AA{} of the Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$-Si interface. The near-interface region is comprised of ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, SiO, and ${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$O. This structure is interpreted by means of a structure-induced-charge-transfer model.

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Ultrathin (<4 nm) SiO2 and Si-O-N gate dielectric layers for silicon microelectronics: Understanding the processing, structure, and physical and electrical limits

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized recent progress and current scientific understanding of ultrathin (<4 nm) SiO2 and Si-O-N (silicon oxynitride) gate dielectrics on Si-based devices.
Journal ArticleDOI

Core-level binding-energy shifts at surfaces and in solids

TL;DR: A review of core-level binding energy shifts observed in photoelectron spectroscopy can be found in this paper, where the authors focus on shifts since most of the chemical and physical insights provided by core levels are derived not from the core energies themselves but from shifts they exhibit.
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A Framework for Understanding Radiation-Induced Interface States in SiO2 MOS Structures

TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical model of radiation-induced interface states at the SiO2/Si interface in SiO 2 MOS capacitors is developed, which explicitly addresses the time-dependent two stage nature of the buildup process, and gives the mathematical dependencies of the experimentally observed buildup on time, field, temperature, and dose.
Journal ArticleDOI

Probing the transition layer at the SiO2‐Si interface using core level photoemission

TL;DR: In this article, high resolution Si 2p photoelectron spectra obtained with synchrotron radiation were used to determine the distribution of oxidation states in the intermediary layer at the SiO2Si interface.
Journal ArticleDOI

Scaling the gate dielectric: materials, integration, and reliability

TL;DR: A review of the more "fundamental" concerns regarding the scaling of the gate dielectric in the ultrathin regime is presented and a methodology is presented to calculate device and chip lifetimes for MOS structures on the basis of data extracted from voltage- and temperature-accelerated measurements.
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