HLA-B*57:01 screening and hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir between 1999 and 2016 in the OPERA® observational database: a cohort study
Karam Mounzer,R Hsu,Jennifer S Fusco,Laurence Brunet,Cassidy Henegar,Vani Vannappagari,Chris M. Stainsby,Mark S. Shaefer,Leigh Ragone,Gregory Fusco +9 more
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TLDR
Frequency of HLA-B*57:01 screening increased steadily since its first inclusion in treatment guidelines in the United States, accompanied by a decreasing incidence of definite or probable hypersensitivity reactions over the same period.Abstract:
HLA-B*57:01 screening was added to clinical care guidelines in 2008 to reduce the risk of hypersensitivity reaction from abacavir. The uptake of HLA-B*57:01 screening and incidence of hypersensitivity reaction were assessed in a prospective clinical cohort in the United States to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. We included all patients initiating an abacavir-containing regimen for the first time in the pre-HLA-B*57:01 screening period (January 1, 1999 to June 14, 2008) or the post-HLA-B*57:01 screening period (June 15, 2008 to January 1, 2016). Yearly incidence of both HLA-B*57:01 screening and physician panel-adjudicated hypersensitivity reactions were calculated and compared. Of the 9619 patients eligible for the study, 33% initiated abacavir in the pre-screening period and 67% in the post-screening period. Incidence of HLA-B*57:01 screening prior to abacavir initiation increased from 43% in 2009 to 84% in 2015. The incidence of definite or probable hypersensitivity reactions decreased from 1.3% in the pre-screening period to 0.8% in 2009 and further to 0.2% in 2015 in the post-screening period. Frequency of HLA-B*57:01 screening increased steadily since its first inclusion in treatment guidelines in the United States. This increase in screening was accompanied by a decreasing incidence of definite or probable hypersensitivity reactions over the same period. However, a considerable proportion of patients initiating abacavir were not screened, representing a failed opportunity to prevent hypersensitivity reactions. Where HLA-B*57:01 screening is standard of care, patients should be confirmed negative for this allele before starting abacavir treatment.read more
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TL;DR: HLA-B*5701 screening reduced the risk of hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir and showed that a pharmacogenetic test can be used to prevent a specific toxic effect of a drug.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hypersensitivity reactions during therapy with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir.
Seth Hetherington,Sue McGuirk,Gwendolyn Powell,Amy Cutrell,Odin J. Naderer,Bill Spreen,Steve Lafon,Gill Pearce,Helen C. Steel +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a retrospective medical review of pooled adverse events data from ∼200,000 patients who received abacavir in clinical trials, through expanded-access programs, or by prescription from 1996 through 2000.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drug hypersensitivity caused by alteration of the MHC-presented self-peptide repertoire
David A. Ostrov,Barry J. Grant,Yuri A. Pompeu,John Sidney,Mikkel Harndahl,Scott Southwood,Carla Oseroff,Shun Lu,Jean Jakoncic,César Augusto F. de Oliveira,Lun Yang,Hu Mei,Leming Shi,Jeffrey Shabanowitz,A. Michelle English,Amanda Wriston,Andrew Lucas,Elizabeth J. Phillips,Simon Mallal,Howard M. Grey,Alessandro Sette,Donald F. Hunt,Søren Buus,Bjoern Peters +23 more
TL;DR: It is shown that abacavir can bind within the F pocket of the peptide-binding groove of HLA-B*57:01, thereby altering its specificity, namely that drugs can alter the repertoire of self-peptides presented to T cells, thus causing the equivalent of an alloreactive T-cell response.
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