Journal ArticleDOI
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in sexually abused girls.
M. D. De Bellis,George P. Chrousos,Lorah D. Dorn,L. Burke,K. Helmers,Mitchel A. Kling,Penelope K. Trickett,F. W. Putnam +7 more
TLDR
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis was characterized of a self-selected sample of sexually abused and control girls recruited from a prospective longitudinal study to characterized the biological manifestations and sequelae of childhood sexual abuse.Abstract:
Childhood sexual abuse is associated with an increased incidence of age-concurrent and adult psychopathology. Little is known, however, about the biological manifestations and sequelae of childhood sexual abuse. In this study, we characterized the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of a self-selected sample of sexually abused and control girls recruited from a prospective longitudinal study. Plasma ACTH and total and free cortisol responses to ovine CRH (oCRH) stimulation were measured in 13 sexually abused and 13 control girls, aged 7-15 yr. Psychiatric profiles and 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) measures were also obtained. Sexually abused girls had a greater incidence of suicidal ideation (chi 2 = 4.51; df = 1; P < 0.05), suicide attempts (chi 2 = 4.51; df = 1; P < 0.05), and dysthymia (chi 2 = 8.85; df = 1; P < 0.01) than control girls. Sexually abused girls showed significantly lower basal (t = 2.1; df = 24; P < 0.05), and net oCRH stimulated (t = 2.2; df = 24; P < 0.05) ACTH levels and significan...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology
Robert F. Anda,Vincent J. Felitti,J. Douglas Bremner,John D Walker,Charles L. Whitfield,Bruce D Perry,Shanta R. Dube,Wayne H. Giles +7 more
TL;DR: The graded relationship of the ACE score to 18 different outcomes in multiple domains theoretically parallels the cumulative exposure of the developing brain to the stress response with resulting impairment in multiple brain structures and functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse
Patrick O. McGowan,Aya Sasaki,Aya Sasaki,Ana C. D'Alessio,Sergiy Dymov,Benoit Labonté,Moshe Szyf,Gustavo Turecki,Michael J. Meaney,Michael J. Meaney +9 more
TL;DR: Findings translate previous results from rat to humans and suggest a common effect of parental care on the epigenetic regulation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor expression.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies
TL;DR: Preclinical studies suggest that early life stress induces long-lived hyper(re)activity of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems as well as alterations in other neurotransmitter systems, resulting in increased stress responsiveness.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brain corticosteroid receptor balance in health and disease.
TL;DR: The balance in actions mediated by the two corticosteroid receptor types in these neurons appears critical for neuronal excitability, stress responsiveness, and behavioral adaptation and Dysregulation of this MR/GR balance brings neurons in a vulnerable state with consequences for regulation of the stress response and enhanced vulnerability to disease in genetically predisposed individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations.
TL;DR: Evidence is provided for the importance of parental care as a mediator of the effects of environmental adversity on neural development and patterns of maternal care that increase stress reactivity in offspring are enhanced by stressors imposed on the mother.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Concepts of Stress and Stress System Disorders: Overview of Physical and Behavioral Homeostasis
TL;DR: The main components of the stress system are the corticotropin-releasing hormone and locus ceruleus-norepinephrine/autonomic systems and their peripheral effectors, the pituitary-adrenal axis, and the limbs of the autonomic system as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse
TL;DR: A review of the research initial and long-term effects of research abuse was conducted by David Finkelhor and Angela Browne as discussed by the authors, with the focus on high-risk children.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical and biochemical manifestations of depression. Relation to the neurobiology of stress (2)
TL;DR: Whereas psychopharmacologic intervention may be required to resolve an active episode of major depression and to prevent recurrences, psychotherapy may be equally important to lessen the burden of stress imposed by intense inner conflict and counterproductive defenses.
Book
A sourcebook on child sexual abuse
TL;DR: A review of the research initial and long-term effects of research abuse was conducted by David Finkelhor and Angela Browne as discussed by the authors, with the focus on high-risk children.
Journal ArticleDOI
Corticotropin releasing factor produces behavioural activation in rats
TL;DR: It is reported here that centrally injected synthetic CRF produces a dose-dependent locomotor activation in rats, suggesting that CRF may have an activating action in the central nervous system independent of its effects on the anterior pituitary gland.
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Dong Liu,Josie Diorio,Josie Diorio,Beth Tannenbaum,Beth Tannenbaum,Christian Caldji,Christian Caldji,Darlene D. Francis,Darlene D. Francis,Alison Freedman,Alison Freedman,Shakti Sharma,Shakti Sharma,Deborah Pearson,Deborah Pearson,Paul M. Plotsky,Paul M. Plotsky,Michael J. Meaney,Michael J. Meaney +18 more