Impact of sarcopenia on 1-year mortality in older patients with cancer
L. Otten,N. Stobäus,K. Franz,Laurence Genton,Ursula Müller-Werdan,Rainer Wirth,Kristina Norman +6 more
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TLDR
The fact that sarcopenia was nearly as predictive for 1-year mortality as an advanced disease stage underlines the importance of preservation of muscle mass and function as a potential target of intervention in older patients with cancer.Abstract:
Objectives: sarcopenia is common especially in hospitalised older populations. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia, defined as low skeletal mass and muscle strength, and its impact on 1-year mortality in older patients with cancer. Methods: skeletal muscle mass was estimated using bioelectric impedance analysis and related to height2 (SMI; Janssen et al. 2002). Grip strength was measured with the JAMAR dynamometer and the cut-offs suggested by the European Sarcopenia and 1-year mortality in cancer 413 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ageing/article-abstract/48/3/413/5272750 by Universite de Geneve user on 26 November 2019 Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) were applied. One-year mortality was assessed by telephone follow-up and the local cancer death registry. Results: of the 439 consecutively recruited cancer patients (60–95 years; 43.5% women), 119 (27.1%) had sarcopenia. Of the patients with sarcopenia, 62 (52.5%) died within 1 year after study entry compared to 108 (35.1%) patients who did not have sarcopenia (P = 0.001). In a stepwise, forward Cox proportional hazards analysis, sarcopenia (HR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.034–2.250; P < 0.05), advanced disease (HR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.228–2.847; P < 0.05), number of drugs/day (HR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.057–1.170; P < 0.001), tumour diagnosis (overall P < 0.05) and Karnofsky index (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.963–0.995; P < 0.05) associated with 1-year mortality risk. The factors sex, age, co-morbidities and involuntary 6-month weight loss ≥5% were insignificant. Conclusions: sarcopenia was present in 27.1% of older patients with cancer and was independently associated with 1-year mortality. The fact that sarcopenia was nearly as predictive for 1-year mortality as an advanced disease stage underlines the importance of preservation of muscle mass and function as a potential target of intervention in older patients with cancer.read more
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Malnutrition in Older Adults-Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges.
TL;DR: A comprehensive narrative review summarizes current evidence on the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition in old adults spanning from age-related changes to disease-associated risk factors, and outlines remaining challenges in the understanding, identification as well as treatment of malnutrition, which in some cases may include targeted supplementation of macro-and/or micronutrients, when diet alone is not sufficient to meet age-specific requirements.
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Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for the Assessment of Sarcopenia in Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
Gabriel F. P. Aleixo,Shlomit S. Shachar,Kirsten A. Nyrop,Hyman B. Muss,Claudio L. Battaglini,Grant R. Williams +5 more
TL;DR: BIA is an accurate method for detecting sarcopenia in adults with cancer prior to treatment and is a viable alternative to CT, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and magnetic resonance imaging in oncology clinical practice.
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Malnutrition in Older Adults with Cancer.
TL;DR: The public health burden, malnutrition prevention, and the relationship among cancer cachexia, malnutrition, and sarcopenia are described and clinical practice recommendations on malnutrition and prevention are presented.
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EWGSOP2 versus EWGSOP1 for sarcopenia to predict prognosis in patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy: Analysis from a large-scale prospective study
Cheng-Le Zhuang,Xian Shen,Hong-Bo Zou,Qian-Tong Dong,Hui-Yang Cai,Xiao-Lei Chen,Zhen Yu,Su-Lin Wang +7 more
TL;DR: Sarcopenia at uniform diagnosis standard was an independent risk factor for survival in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and better predicts clinical outcomes than that defined by EWGSOP1 criteria in patients with Gastric cancer after gast rectomy.
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Physical activity and nutrition interventions for older adults with cancer: a systematic review
Cynthia C. Forbes,Cynthia C. Forbes,Flavia Swan,Sarah Greenley,Michael J. Lind,Miriam J. Johnson +5 more
TL;DR: Among the few studies that targeted older adults with cancer, most were activity-based programmes with half reporting improvements in QoL, and there is a gap in tailored nutrition advice.
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