Journal ArticleDOI
Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability.
TLDR
To establish the prevalence of sarc Openia in older Americans and to test the hypothesis that sarcopenia is related to functional impairment and physical disability in older persons is established.Abstract:
OBJECTIVES: To establish the prevalence of sarcopenia in older Americans and to test the hypothesis that sarcope- nia is related to functional impairment and physical dis- ability in older persons. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Nationally representative cross-sectional sur- vey using data from the Third National Health and Nutri- tion Examination Survey (NHANES III). PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen thousand eight hundred eigh- teen adult NHANES III participants aged 18 and older. MEASUREMENTS: The presence of sarcopenia and the relationship between sarcopenia and functional impairment and disability were examined in 4,504 adults aged 60 and older. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated from bioimped- ance analysis measurements and expressed as skeletal mus- cle mass index (SMIskeletal muscle mass/body mass � 100). Subjects were considered to have a normal SMI if their SMI was greater than -one standard deviation above the sex-specific mean for young adults (aged 18-39). Class I sarcopenia was considered present in subjects whose SMI was within -one to -two standard deviations of young adult values, and class II sarcopenia was present in subjects whose SMI was below -two standard deviations of young adult values. RESULTS: The prevalence of class I and class II sarcope- nia increased from the third to sixth decades but remained relatively constant thereafter. The prevalence of class I (59% vs 45%) and class II (10% vs 7%) sarcopenia was greater in the older ( � 60 years) women than in the older men ( P � .001). The likelihood of functional impairment and disability was approximately two times greater in the older men and three times greater in the older women with class II sarcopenia than in the older men and women with a normal SMI, respectively. Some of the associations be- tween class II sarcopenia and functional impairment re- mained significant after adjustment for age, race, body mass index, health behaviors, and comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced relative skeletal muscle mass in older Americans is a common occurrence that is signifi- cantly and independently associated with functional im- pairment and disability, particularly in older women. These observations provide strong support for the prevailing view that sarcopenia may be an important and potentially re- versible cause of morbidity and mortality in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 50:889-896, 2002.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People
Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft,Jean-Pierre Baeyens,Jürgen M. Bauer,Yves Boirie,Tommy Cederholm,Francesco Landi,Finbarr C. Martin,Jean-Pierre Michel,Yves Rolland,Stéphane M. Schneider,Eva Topinkova,Maurits Vandewoude,Mauro Zamboni +12 more
TL;DR: The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) developed a practical clinical definition and consensus diagnostic criteria for age-related sarcopenia as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus
Kenneth C. H. Fearon,Florian Strasser,Stefan D. Anker,Ingvar Bosaeus,Eduardo Bruera,Robin L. Fainsinger,Aminah Jatoi,Charles L. Loprinzi,Neil MacDonald,Giovanni Mantovani,Mellar P. Davis,Maurizio Muscaritoli,Faith D. Ottery,Lukas Radbruch,Paula Ravasco,Declan Walsh,Andrew Wilcock,Stein Kaasa,Vickie E. Baracos +18 more
TL;DR: A framework exists on a framework for the definition and classification of cancer cachexia, a multifactorial syndrome defined by an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support and leads to progressive functional impairment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed condition in older adults. Current consensus definition: prevalence, etiology, and consequences. International working group on sarcopenia.
Roger A. Fielding,Bruno Vellas,William J. Evans,Shalender Bhasin,John E. Morley,Anne B. Newman,Gabor Abellan van Kan,Sandrine Andrieu,Juergen M. Bauer,Denis Breuille,Tommy Cederholm,Julie Chandler,Capucine De Meynard,Lorenzo M. Donini,Tamara B. Harris,Aimo Kannt,Florence Keime Guibert,Graziano Onder,Dimitris Papanicolaou,Yves Rolland,Daniel Rooks,Cornel C. Sieber,Elisabeth Souhami,Sjors Verlaan,Mauro Zamboni +24 more
TL;DR: Sarcopenia should be considered in all older patients who present with observed declines in physical function, strength, or overall health, and patients who meet these criteria should further undergo body composition assessment using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry with sarcopenia being defined using currently validated definitions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Invited review: Aging and sarcopenia.
TL;DR: The link between sarc Openia and disability among elderly men and women highlights the need for continued research into the development of the most effective interventions to prevent or at least partially reverse sarcopenia, including the role of resistance exercise and other novel pharmacological and nutritional interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consensus definition of sarcopenia, cachexia and pre-cachexia: joint document elaborated by Special Interest Groups (SIG) "cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases" and "nutrition in geriatrics"
Maurizio Muscaritoli,Stefan D. Anker,Josep M. Argilés,Zaira Aversa,Juergen M. Bauer,Gianni Biolo,Yves Boirie,Ingvar Bosaeus,Tommy Cederholm,Paola Costelli,Kenneth C. H. Fearon,Alessandro Laviano,Marcello Maggio,F. Rossi Fanelli,Stéphane M. Schneider,Annemie M. W. J. Schols,Cornel C. Sieber +16 more
TL;DR: The definition of cachexia, pre-cachexia and sarc Openia as well as the criteria for the differentiation between cachexia and other conditions associated with sarcopenia, which have been developed in cooperation with the ESPEN SIG on nutrition in geriatrics are reported.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Department of Health and Human Services.
TL;DR: This letter is in response to your two Citizen Petitions, requesting that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency) require a cancer warning on cosmetic talc products.
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