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Insomnia with objective short sleep duration: the most biologically severe phenotype of the disorder.

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TLDR
Evidence is presented that insomnia with objective short sleep duration is the most biologically severe phenotype of the disorder, as it is associated with cognitive-emotional and cortical arousal, activation of both limbs of the stress system, and a higher risk for hypertension, impaired heart rate variability, diabetes, neurocognitive impairment, and mortality.
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This article is published in Sleep Medicine Reviews.The article was published on 2013-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 537 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sleep disorder & Polysomnography.

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Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Duration, and Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Experimental Sleep Deprivation

TL;DR: Global evidence linking sleep disturbance, sleep duration, and inflammation in adult humans is assessed and sleep disturbance and long sleep duration are associated with increases in markers of systemic inflammation.
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Why Sleep Is Important for Health: A Psychoneuroimmunology Perspective

TL;DR: The impact of sleep on adaptive and innate immunity, with consideration of the dynamics of sleep disturbance, sleep restriction, and insomnia on antiviral immune responses with consequences for vaccine responses and infectious disease risk and proinflammatoryimmune responses with implications for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depression is highlighted.
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The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease

TL;DR: The induction of a hormonal constellation that supports immune functions is one likely mechanism underlying the immune-supporting effects of sleep, and sleep appears to promote inflammatory homeostasis through effects on several inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Sleep loss results in an elevation of cortisol levels the next evening.

TL;DR: It is concluded that even partial acute sleep loss delays the recovery of the HPA from early morning circadian stimulation and is thus likely to involve an alteration in negative glucocorticoid feedback regulation.
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Hyperarousal and insomnia: state of the science.

TL;DR: An animal model that has used odor stress to produce poor sleep in rats has identified specific activated brain sites similar to those found in human brain metabolic studies to suggest that insomnia is a state in which sleep and arousal systems are both simultaneously active.
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Psychophysiological insomnia: the behavioural model and a neurocognitive perspective.

TL;DR: The model introduced is based on the observation that beta and/or gamma activity is enhanced in insomnia at or around sleep onset and it is proposed that this kind of high frequency EEG activity may interfere with the normal establishment of sleep onset‐related mesograde amnesia.
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Insomnia with objective short sleep duration is associated with a high risk for hypertension.

TL;DR: Insomnia with short sleep duration is associated with increased risk of hypertension, to a degree comparable to that of other common sleep disorders, e.g., SDB.
Journal ArticleDOI

Psychological and physiological differences between good and poor sleepers.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the sleeping patterns of 16 poor and 16 good sleep groups and found that poor sleep groups had less sleep time, more awakenings, and required more time to fall asleep.
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