Journal ArticleDOI
Interfacial turbulence: Hydrodynamic instability and the marangoni effect
C.V. Sternling,L. E. Scriven +1 more
TLDR
In this article, a simplified mathematical model has been analyzed in order to detail the mechanism of the "interfacial engine" which supplies the mechanical energy of interfacial turbulence, which is a manifestation of hydrodynamic instability, touched off by ever present, small, random fluctuations about the interface.Abstract:
The origin of interfacial turbulence, spontaneous agitation of the interface between two unequilibrated liquids, has been explained in terms of classical flow, diffusion, and surface processes. The essence of the explanation is the long-known though much neglected Marangoni effect, wherein movement in an interface is caused by longitudinal variations of interfacial tension. It is proposed that interfacial turbulence is a manifestation of hydrodynamic instability, which is touched off by ever present, small, random fluctuations about the interface.
A simplified mathematical model has been analyzed in order to detail the mechanism of the “interfacial engine” which supplies the mechanical energy of interfacial turbulence. In its present form the analysis incorporates several drastic simplifications, though ways of removing some of these have been suggested. The groundwork has been laid for the more elaborate analyses that are needed for a decisive test of the theory.
The analysis shows how some systems may be stable with solute transfer in one direction yet unstable with transfer in the opposite direction, a striking result. It also suggests that interfacial turbulence is usually promoted by (1) solute transfer out of the phase of higher viscosity, (2) solute transfer out of the phase in which its diffusivity is lower, (3) large differences in kinematic viscosity and solute diffusivity between the two phases, (4) steep concentration gradients near the interface, (5) interfacial tension highly sensitive to solute concentration, (6) low viscosities and diffusivities in both phases, (7) absence of surface-active agents, and (8) interfaces of large extent.
That some of these effects have been observed in the laboratory lends credence to the theory.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular building blocks and their architecture in biologically/environmentally compatible soft matter chemical machinery.
Taro Toyota,Taro Toyota,Taro Toyota,Taisuke Banno,Sachiko Nitta,Masahiro Takinoue,Masahiro Takinoue,Tomonori Nomoto,Yuno Natsume,Shuichi Matsumura,Masanori Fujinami +10 more
TL;DR: This review briefly summarizes recent developments in the construction of biologically/environmentally compatible chemical machinery composed of soft matter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of the surface deformability on Marangoni instability in a liquid layer with surface chemical reaction
TL;DR: In this article, an overstability due to a chemical absorption for an infinite liquid layer with a deformable free surface has been theoretically investigated by means of the small disturbance analysis.
Book ChapterDOI
A detailed study of semiconductor wafer drying
Wim Fyen,Frank Holsteyns,Twan Bearda,Sophia Arnauts,Jan Van Steenbergen,Geert Doumen,K. Kenis,Paul W. Mertens +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of several drying techniques commonly used in the semiconductor manufacturing industry is evaluated by measuring the residues on a wafer onto which a solution containing metal salts acting as tracer elements has been dispensed and dried.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coalescence of drops in liquid-liquid extraction columns
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make qualitative predictions as to ease of coalescence for ternary situations where a solute is transferred between two liquids, each saturated with the main component of the other.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissipative hydrodynamic oscillators: V.—Interfacial oscillations in finite containers
X. L. Chu,M. G. Velarde +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the role of the finite horizontal size and the finite layer for a liquid layer subjected to gradients of surfactant concentration when instability tries to set up in the form of transverse or longitudinal waves induced by the Marangoni effect is discussed.
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