Journal ArticleDOI
Local Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics: Distributional Issues and an Application
J. K. Ord,Arthur Getis +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the statistics Gi(d) and Gi*(d), introduced in Getis and Ord (1992) for the study of local pattern in spatial data, are extended and their properties further explored.Abstract:
The statistics Gi(d) and Gi*(d), introduced in Getis and Ord (1992) for the study of local pattern in spatial data, are extended and their properties further explored. In particular, nonbinary weights are allowed and the statistics are related to Moran's autocorrelation statistic, I. The correlations between nearby values of the statistics are derived and verified by simulation. A Bonferroni criterion is used to approximate significance levels when testing extreme values from the set of statistics. An example of the use of the statistics is given using spatial-temporal data on the AIDS epidemic centering on San Francisco. Results indicate that in recent years the disease is intensifying in the counties surrounding the city.read more
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Spatial Data Analysis: Theory and Practice
TL;DR: This work focuses on the development of models for statistical modeling of spatial variation in the context of scientific and policy context, as well as the nature of spatial data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Where is positional uncertainty a problem for species distribution modelling
TL;DR: It is proposed that local spatial association is a way to identify the species occurrence records that require treatment for positional uncertainty and developed and presented a tool in the R environment to target observations that are likely to create error in the output from SDMs as a result of positional uncertainty.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms to identify highly autocorrelated areas: the case of spatial distribution in financially compromised farms
TL;DR: A MOEA based on SPEA2 (Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm v.2) has been designed to evaluate three different fitness functions (fine-grained strength, the weighted sum of objectives and fuzzy evaluation of weighted objectives) and three LISA methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid and highly variable warming of lake surface waters around the globe
Catherine M. O'Reilly,Sapna Sharma,Derek K. Gray,Stephanie E. Hampton,Jordan S. Read,Rex J. Rowley,Philipp Schneider,John D. Lenters,Peter B. McIntyre,Benjamin M. Kraemer,Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer,Dietmar Straile,Bo Dong,Rita Adrian,Mathew Grant Allan,Orlane Anneville,Lauri Arvola,Jay A. Austin,John L. Bailey,Jill S. Baron,Justin D. Brookes,Elvira de Eyto,Martin T. Dokulil,David P. Hamilton,Karl E. Havens,Amy L. Hetherington,Scott N. Higgins,Simon J. Hook,Lyubov R. Izmest'eva,Klaus Joehnk,Külli Kangur,Peter Kasprzak,Michio Kumagai,Esko Kuusisto,George Leshkevich,David M. Livingstone,Sally Macintyre,Linda May,John M. Melack,Doerthe C. Mueller-Navarra,Mikhail A. Naumenko,Peeter Nõges,Tiina Nõges,Ryan P. North,Pierre-Denis Plisnier,Anna Rigosi,Alon Rimmer,Michela Rogora,Lars G. Rudstam,James A. Rusak,Nico Salmaso,Nihar R. Samal,Daniel E. Schindler,S. Geoffrey Schladow,Martin Schmid,Silke R. Schmidt,Eugene A. Silow,M. Evren Soylu,Katrin Teubner,Piet Verburg,Ari Voutilainen,A. J. Watkinson,Craig E. Williamson,Guoqing Zhang +63 more
TL;DR: In the first worldwide synthesis of in situ and satellite-derived lake data, this paper found that lake summer surface water temperatures rose rapidly (global mean = 0.34°C decade−1) between 1985 and 2009.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing Spatial Equity: An Evaluation of Measures of Accessibility to Public Playgrounds:
Emily Talen,Luc Anselin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the importance of methodology in assessing whether or not, or to what degree the distribution of urban public services is equitable, by means of an empirical case study of the spatial distribution of playgrounds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Local Indicators of Spatial Association—LISA
TL;DR: In this paper, a new general class of local indicators of spatial association (LISA) is proposed, which allow for the decomposition of global indicators, such as Moran's I, into the contribution of each observation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics
TL;DR: In this article, a family of statistics, G, is introduced to evaluate the spatial association of a variable within a specified distance of a single point, and a comparison is made between a general G statistic and Moran's I for similar hypothetical and empirical conditions.
Book
Spatial Processes Models and Applications
Andrew Cliff,J. Keith Ord +1 more
TL;DR: The authors describe various ways the degree of spatial autocorrelation in a set of variate values can be assessed and to which the pattern formed by the location of objects treatable as points can be examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rectangular Confidence Regions for the Means of Multivariate Normal Distributions
TL;DR: For rectangular confidence regions for the mean values of multivariate normal distributions, this paper proved that a confidence region constructed for independent coordinates is, at the same time, a conservative confidence region for any case of dependent coordinates.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Detection of Clusters in Rare Diseases
Julian Besag,James Newell +1 more
TL;DR: The main intention of the paper is to describe and illustrate a new technique for the identification of small clusters of disease, and discuss some common pitfalls in the application of tests of clustering to epidemiological data.