Long-range RNA-RNA interactions circularize the dengue virus genome.
Diego E. Alvarez,Maria Fernanda Lodeiro,Silvio Juan Ludueña,Lía I. Pietrasanta,Andrea V. Gamarnik +4 more
TLDR
Since sequence complementarity between the ends of the genome is required for dengue virus viability, it is proposed that cyclization of the RNA is a required conformation for viral replication.Abstract:
Secondary and tertiary RNA structures present in viral RNA genomes play essential regulatory roles during translation, RNA replication, and assembly of new viral particles. In the case of flaviviruses, RNA-RNA interactions between the 5′ and 3′ ends of the genome have been proposed to be required for RNA replication. We found that two RNA elements present at the ends of the dengue virus genome interact in vitro with high affinity. Visualization of individual molecules by atomic force microscopy reveled that physical interaction between these RNA elements results in cyclization of the viral RNA. Using RNA binding assays, we found that the putative cyclization sequences, known as 5′ and 3′ CS, present in all mosquito-borne flaviviruses, were necessary but not sufficient for RNA-RNA interaction. Additional sequences present at the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of the viral RNA were also required for RNA-RNA complex formation. We named these sequences 5′ and 3′ UAR (upstream AUG region). In order to investigate the functional role of 5′-3′ UAR complementarity, these sequences were mutated either separately, to destroy base pairing, or simultaneously, to restore complementarity in the context of full-length dengue virus RNA. Nonviable viruses were recovered after transfection of dengue virus RNA carrying mutations either at the 5′ or 3′ UAR, while the RNA containing the compensatory mutations was able to replicate. Since sequence complementarity between the ends of the genome is required for dengue virus viability, we propose that cyclization of the RNA is a required conformation for viral replication.read more
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Dengue virus capsid protein usurps lipid droplets for viral particle formation
Marcelo M. Samsa,Juan Alberto Mondotte,Nestor Gabriel Iglesias,Iranaia Assunção-Miranda,Giselle Barbosa-Lima,Andrea T. Da Poian,Patrícia T. Bozza,Andrea V. Gamarnik +7 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that lipid droplets play multiple roles during the viral life cycle; they could sequester the viral capsid protein early during infection and provide a scaffold for genome encapsidation and a link between lipid droplet metabolism and viral replication is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Full-length sequencing and genomic characterization of Bagaza, Kedougou, and Zika viruses.
G. Kuno,G.-J. J. Chang +1 more
TL;DR: A complete genome sequence of each of the three African viruses was obtained and the open reading frames were characterized, indicating that Kedougou virus was close to dengue viruses but nonetheless distinct, while Bagaza virus shared genetic relatedness with West Nile virus in several genomic regions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Deciphering Viral and Host Determinants of Dengue Virus Replication and Pathogenesis
TL;DR: Dengue virus (DENV) is a member of the Flavivirus genus of the Flavoriviridae family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses.
Book
The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses
TL;DR: The evolution and emergence of hantaviruses is more complex than previously anticipated, and may serve as a realistic model for other viral groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rfam 14: expanded coverage of metagenomic, viral and microRNA families.
Ioanna Kalvari,Eric P. Nawrocki,Nancy Ontiveros-Palacios,Joanna Argasinska,Kevin Lamkiewicz,Manja Marz,Sam Griffiths-Jones,Claire Toffano-Nioche,Daniel Gautheret,Zasha Weinberg,Elena Rivas,Sean R. Eddy,Sean R. Eddy,Robert D. Finn,Alex Bateman,Anton I. Petrov +15 more
TL;DR: The first phase of synchronising microRNA families in Rfam and miRBase is completed, creating 356 new Rfam families and updating 40, and a procedure for comprehensive annotation of viral RNA families starting with Flavivirus and Coronaviridae RNAs is established.
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Andrea V. Gamarnik,Raul Andino +1 more
TL;DR: It is discovered that an RNA structure at the 5' end of the viral genome, next to the internal ribosomal entry site, carries signals that control both viral translation and RNA synthesis.