Journal ArticleDOI
Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity.
Paul M. Hasegawa,Ray A. Bressan,Jian-Kang Zhu,Hans J. Bohnert +3 more
- Vol. 51, Iss: 51, pp 463-499
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TLDR
Evidence for plant stress signaling systems is summarized, some of which have components analogous to those that regulate osmotic stress responses of yeast, some that presumably function in intercellular coordination or regulation of effector genes in a cell-/tissue-specific context required for tolerance of plants.Abstract:
▪ Abstract Plant responses to salinity stress are reviewed with emphasis on molecular mechanisms of signal transduction and on the physiological consequences of altered gene expression that affect biochemical reactions downstream of stress sensing. We make extensive use of comparisons with model organisms, halophytic plants, and yeast, which provide a paradigm for many responses to salinity exhibited by stress-sensitive plants. Among biochemical responses, we emphasize osmolyte biosynthesis and function, water flux control, and membrane transport of ions for maintenance and re-establishment of homeostasis. The advances in understanding the effectiveness of stress responses, and distinctions between pathology and adaptive advantage, are increasingly based on transgenic plant and mutant analyses, in particular the analysis of Arabidopsis mutants defective in elements of stress signal transduction pathways. We summarize evidence for plant stress signaling systems, some of which have components analogous to t...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of salinity tolerance
Rana Munns,Mark Tester +1 more
TL;DR: The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level and the role of the HKT gene family in Na(+) exclusion from leaves is increasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative physiology of salt and water stress
TL;DR: It is important to avoid treatments that induce cell plasmolysis, and to design experiments that distinguish between tolerance of salt and tolerance of water stress, to understand the processes that give rise toolerance of salt, as distinct from tolerance of osmotic stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants
TL;DR: Salt and drought stress signal transduction consists of ionic and osmotic homeostasis signaling pathways, detoxification (i.e., damage control and repair) response pathways, and pathways for growth regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance
Muhammad Ashraf,Majid R. Foolad +1 more
TL;DR: In this review article, numerous examples of successful application of these compounds to improve plant stress tolerance are presented and a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of exogenously applied GB and proline is expected to aid their effective utilization in crop production in stress environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review.
TL;DR: The ability of plants to tolerate salt is determined by multiple biochemical pathways that facilitate retention and/or acquisition of water, protect chloroplast functions, and maintain ion homeostasis as mentioned in this paper.
References
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ASCORBATE AND GLUTATHIONE: Keeping Active Oxygen Under Control
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Living with water stress: evolution of osmolyte systems
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