Mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTert) expression marks slowly cycling intestinal stem cells
Robert K. Montgomery,Diana L. Carlone,Camilla A. Richmond,Loredana G. Farilla,Mariette E. G. Kranendonk,Daniel E. Henderson,Nana Yaa Baffour-Awuah,Dana M. Ambruzs,Laura K. Fogli,Selma Algra,David T. Breault +10 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that a slowly cycling stem cell population exists within the intestine and that mTert+ cells give rise to all differentiated intestinal cell types, persist long term, and contribute to the regenerative response following injury.Abstract:
The intestinal epithelium is maintained by a population of rapidly cycling (Lgr5+) intestinal stem cells (ISCs). It has been postulated, however, that slowly cycling ISCs must also be present in the intestine to protect the genome from accumulating deleterious mutations and to allow for a response to tissue injury. Here, we identify a subpopulation of slowly cycling ISCs marked by mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase (mTert) expression that can give rise to Lgr5+ cells. mTert-expressing cells distribute in a pattern along the crypt–villus axis similar to long-term label-retaining cells (LRCs) and are resistant to tissue injury. Lineage-tracing studies demonstrate that mTert+ cells give rise to all differentiated intestinal cell types, persist long term, and contribute to the regenerative response following injury. Consistent with other highly regenerative tissues, our results demonstrate that a slowly cycling stem cell population exists within the intestine.read more
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An integral program for tissue renewal and regeneration: Wnt signaling and stem cell control
TL;DR: The widespread importance of Wnt signaling in driving tissue renewal has been revealed by the identification of Axin2 and Lgr5, genes expressed in cells that are responding to Wnt signals, and this crucial role in stem cell self renewal is reviewed.
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A reserve stem cell population in small intestine renders Lgr5 -positive cells dispensable
Hua Tian,Brian Biehs,Søren Warming,Kevin G. Leong,Linda Rangell,Ophir D. Klein,Frederic J. de Sauvage +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that complete loss of the Lgr5-expressing cells did not perturb homeostasis of the epithelium, indicating that other cell types can compensate for the elimination of this population, and that in the absence of these cells, Bmi1- expressing cells can serve as an alternative stem cell pool.
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Adult intestinal stem cells: critical drivers of epithelial homeostasis and regeneration
TL;DR: These exciting new insights into the biology of intestinal stem cells have the potential to accelerate the development of stem cell-based therapies and ameliorate cancer treatments.
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Growing self-organizing mini-guts from a single intestinal stem cell: mechanism and applications
Toshiro Sato,Hans Clevers +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms that support this notable example of self-organization are reviewed and applications of this technology for stem cell research, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine are discussed.
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The Intestinal Crypt, A Prototype Stem Cell Compartment
TL;DR: These studies are filling in the outlines of a robust homeostatic self-renewal process that defies some of the classical definitions of stem cell behavior, such as asymmetric division, quiescence, and exhaustion.
References
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Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5
Nick Barker,Johan H. van Es,Jeroen Kuipers,Pekka Kujala,Maaike van den Born,Miranda Cozijnsen,Andrea Haegebarth,Jeroen Korving,Harry Begthel,Peter J. Peters,Hans Clevers +10 more
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TL;DR: The history and present situation of Spanish language, culture, literature, cuisine, tourism, and more are explored in more detail in this booklet.
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