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Multipolar second harmonic generation in a symmetric nonlinear metamaterial

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TLDR
This work investigates in-plane centrosymmetric meta-atom designs where the approximation for meta-atoms breaks down and concludes by showing that the use of symmetry considerations alone allows for the manipulation of the nonlinear multipolar response of aMeta-atom, resulting in e.g. dipolar, quadrupolar, or multipolar emission on demand.
Abstract
Optical nonlinearities are intimately related to the spatial symmetry of the nonlinear media. For example, the second order susceptibility vanishes for centrosymmetric materials under the dipole approximation. The latter concept has been naturally extended to the metamaterials’ realm, sometimes leading to the (erroneous) hypothesis that second harmonic (SH) generation is negligible in highly symmetric meta-atoms. In this work we aim to show that such symmetric meta-atoms can radiate SH light efficiently. In particular, we investigate in-plane centrosymmetric meta-atom designs where the approximation for meta-atoms breaks down. In a periodic array this building block allows us to control the directionality of the SH radiation. We conclude by showing that the use of symmetry considerations alone allows for the manipulation of the nonlinear multipolar response of a meta-atom, resulting in e.g. dipolar, quadrupolar, or multipolar emission on demand. This is because the size of the meta-atom is comparable with the free-space wavelength, thus invalidating the dipolar approximation for meta-atoms.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Frequency mixing at an electromagnetically induced transparency like metasurface loaded with gas as a nonlinear element.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the nonlinear response of an electromagnetic induced transparency like metasurface loaded with gas as a nonlinear element to induce nonlinearity in the gas associated with discharges.
References
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Book

Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles

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Antenna theory : analysis and design

TL;DR: The most up-to-date resource available on antenna theory and design is the IEEE 802.11 as mentioned in this paper, which provides detailed coverage of ABET design procedures and equations, making meeting ABET requirements easy and preparing readers for authentic situations in industry.
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Giant nonlinear response from plasmonic metasurfaces coupled to intersubband transitions

TL;DR: The proposed structures can act as ultrathin highly nonlinear optical elements that enable efficient frequency mixing with relaxed phase-matching conditions, ideal for realizing broadband frequency up- and down-conversions, phase conjugation and all-optical control and tunability over a surface.
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