New Horizons: Emerging Therapies and Targets in Thyroid Cancer
TLDR
In this New Horizons brief review, recent approvals relevant to thyroid cancer will be discussed along with selected new potential avenues that might be exploited for future therapies.Abstract:
The treatment of patients with progressive metastatic follicular cell-derived and medullary thyroid cancers that do not respond to standard therapeutic modalities presents a therapeutic challenge. As a deeper understanding of the molecular drivers for these tumors has occurred and more potent and specific compounds are developed, the number of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatments for thyroid cancer has expanded. In addition, with the advent of disease-agnostic target-directed FDA approvals an ever-broadening number of therapeutic options are available for clinicians and patients. However, to date, complete remissions are rare, the average durations of response are relatively modest, and toxicities are common. These factors accentuate the need for further understanding of the mechanisms of resistance that result in treatment failures, the development of biomarkers that can improve patient selection for treatment earlier in the disease process, and the continued need for new therapeutic strategies. In this article, recent approvals relevant to thyroid cancer will be discussed along with selected new potential avenues that might be exploited for future therapies.read more
Citations
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References
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Bryan R. Haugen,Erik K. Alexander,Keith C. Bible,Gerard M. Doherty,Susan J. Mandel,Yuri E. Nikiforov,Furio Pacini,Gregory W. Randolph,Anna M. Sawka,Martin Schlumberger,Kathryn G. Schuff,Steven I. Sherman,Julie Ann Sosa,David L. Steward,R. Michael Tuttle,Leonard Wartofsky +15 more
TL;DR: Evidence-based recommendations are developed to inform clinical decision-making in the management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer and represent, in the authors' opinion, contemporary optimal care for patients with these disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrated Genomic Characterization of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
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TL;DR: The genomic landscape of 496 PTCs is described and a reclassification of thyroid cancers into molecular subtypes that better reflect their underlying signaling and differentiation properties is proposed, which has the potential to improve their pathological classification and better inform the management of the disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lenvatinib versus placebo in radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer.
Martin Schlumberger,Makoto Tahara,Lori J. Wirth,Bruce G. Robinson,Marcia S. Brose,Rossella Elisei,Mouhammed Amir Habra,Kate Newbold,Manisha H. Shah,Ana O. Hoff,Andrew G. Gianoukakis,Naomi Kiyota,Matthew H. Taylor,Sung Bae Kim,Monika K. Krzyzanowska,Corina E. Dutcus,B.D.L. Heras,J. Zhu,Steven I. Sherman +18 more
TL;DR: Lenvatinib, as compared with placebo, was associated with significant improvements in progression-free survival and the response rate among patients with iodine-131-refractory thyroid cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vandetanib in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind Phase III Trial
Samuel A. Wells,Bruce G. Robinson,Robert F. Gagel,Henning Dralle,James A. Fagin,Massimo Santoro,Eric Baudin,Rossella Elisei,Barbara Jarzab,James Vasselli,Jessica Read,Peter Langmuir,Anderson J. Ryan,Martin Schlumberger +13 more
TL;DR: Vandetanib demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in a phase III trial of patients with advanced MTC, and met its primary objective of PFS prolongation with vandETanib versus placebo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sorafenib in radioactive iodine-refractory, locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial
Marcia S. Brose,Christopher M. Nutting,Barbara Jarzab,Rossella Elisei,Salvatore Siena,Lars Bastholt,Christelle De La Fouchardiere,Furio Pacini,Ralf Paschke,Young Kee Shong,Steven I. Sherman,Johannes W. A. Smit,John Chung,Christian Kappeler,Carol Peña,Istvan Molnar,Martin Schlumberger +16 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that sorafenib is a new treatment option for patients with progressive radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and progression-free survival significantly improved in all prespecified clinical and genetic biomarker subgroups, irrespective of mutation status.