Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen mineralization: challenges of a changing paradigm
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TLDR
A complete new conceptual model of the soil N cycle needs to incorporate recent research on plant–microbe competition and microsite processes to explain the dynamics of N across the wide range of N availability found in terrestrial ecosystems.Abstract:
Until recently, the common view of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle had been driven by two core assumptions—plants use only inorganic N and they compete poorly against soil microbes for N. Thus, plants were thought to use N that microbes “left over,” allowing the N cycle to be divided cleanly into two pieces—the microbial decomposition side and the plant uptake and use side. These were linked by the process of net mineralization. Over the last decade, research has changed these views. N cycling is now seen as being driven by the depolymerization of N-containing polymers by microbial (including mycorrhizal) extracellular enzymes. This releases organic N-containing monomers that may be used by either plants or microbes. However, a complete new conceptual model of the soil N cycle needs to incorporate recent research on plant–microbe competition and microsite processes to explain the dynamics of N across the wide range of N availability found in terrestrial ecosystems. We discuss the evolution of thinking abou...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Trenching reduces soil heterotrophic activity in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forest exposed to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and N fertilization
John E. Drake,A. C. Oishi,Marc-André Giasson,Ram Oren,Ram Oren,Kurt H. Johnsen,Adrien C. Finzi +6 more
TL;DR: Trenching decreased many metrics of heterotrophic activity and increased net N mineralization and nitrification, suggesting that the removal of root-C inputs reduced R het by exacerbating microbial C limitation and stimulating waste-N excretion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aboveground vertebrate and invertebrate herbivore impact on net N mineralization in subalpine grasslands.
Anita C. Risch,Martin Schütz,Martijn L. Vandegehuchte,Wim H. van der Putten,Henk Duyts,Ursina Raschein,Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz,Matt D. Busse,Deborah S. Page-Dumroese,Stephan Zimmermann +9 more
TL;DR: The results clearly show that short-term alterations of the aboveground herbivore community can strongly impact nutrient cycling within ecosystems independent of long-term management and grazing history.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biogeochemical cycling in forest soils of the eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains, USA
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review some of the unique features of biogeochemical cycling in forests of the eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains, USA, and conclude that bio geochemical cycling is characterized by greater spatial and temporal variability than in more mesic forest ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Factors Regulating Nitrogen Retention During the Early Stages of Recovery from Fire in Coastal Chaparral Ecosystems
TL;DR: In this paper, the extent to which N is transported from slopes to streams following fire is a function of the balance between the rate at which soil microbes retain and metabolize N into forms that readily dissolve or leach, and how rapidly recovering plants sequester this mobilized N. To better understand how fire impacts this balance, they sampled soil and plant N dynamics in 17 plots distributed across two burned, chaparral-dominated watersheds in Santa Barbara County, California.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiyear fate of a 15 N tracer in a mixed deciduous forest: retention, redistribution, and differences by mycorrhizal association.
TL;DR: Results show the persistent ecosystem retention of N deposition even as it redistributes, without additional plant uptake over this timescale, as whole-ecosystem recovery remained constant between 1 and 5-6 years at 70% of the 15 N addition.
References
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