Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen mineralization: challenges of a changing paradigm
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TLDR
A complete new conceptual model of the soil N cycle needs to incorporate recent research on plant–microbe competition and microsite processes to explain the dynamics of N across the wide range of N availability found in terrestrial ecosystems.Abstract:
Until recently, the common view of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle had been driven by two core assumptions—plants use only inorganic N and they compete poorly against soil microbes for N. Thus, plants were thought to use N that microbes “left over,” allowing the N cycle to be divided cleanly into two pieces—the microbial decomposition side and the plant uptake and use side. These were linked by the process of net mineralization. Over the last decade, research has changed these views. N cycling is now seen as being driven by the depolymerization of N-containing polymers by microbial (including mycorrhizal) extracellular enzymes. This releases organic N-containing monomers that may be used by either plants or microbes. However, a complete new conceptual model of the soil N cycle needs to incorporate recent research on plant–microbe competition and microsite processes to explain the dynamics of N across the wide range of N availability found in terrestrial ecosystems. We discuss the evolution of thinking abou...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synergistic effects of diffusion and microbial physiology reproduce the Birch effect in a micro-scale model
Sarah E. Evans,Sarah E. Evans,Sarah E. Evans,Ulf Dieckmann,Oskar Franklin,Oskar Franklin,Christina Kaiser,Christina Kaiser +7 more
TL;DR: A spatially explicit biogeochemical–microbial model is used to examine the mechanisms underlying CO2 dynamics under DRW and provides several novel hypotheses regarding the microbial, biogeochemistry, and spatial processes that mediate the Birch effect, which will contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of this important deviation from model predictions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate phosphorus limitation by reducing plant N:P ratios under warming and nitrogen addition in a temperate meadow ecosystem
TL;DR: The results highlight that the negative influence of global change on plant productivity might cancel each other out through the additive effects of AMF and that global change will increase the dependency of plants on their mycorrhizal symbionts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant nitrogen acquisition and interactions under elevated carbon dioxide: impact of endophytes and mycorrhizae
Xin Chen,Xin Chen,Cong Tu,Michael G. Burton,Dorothy M. Watson,Kent O. Burkey,Kent O. Burkey,Shuijin Hu +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes might interactively affect the responses of their host plants and their coexisting species to elevated CO2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theoretical and practical limitations of the acetylene inhibition technique to determine total denitrification losses
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of total denitrification losses (N2 + N2O) over 1.5 years in soil cores from an intensively managed, cut grassland system in central Switzerland was presented, which allowed simultaneous measurements of up to 7 intact soil cores in air-tight glass tubes in a temperature controlled cabinet.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ageing effects on nitrogen dynamics and enzyme activities in casts of Aporrectodea caliginosa (Lumbricidae)
TL;DR: The results obtained showed that ageing favoured the release of microbial retained N, mainly as dissolved organic nitrogen, and which was associated with the high protease activity observed, and the enhanced β-glucosidase and cellulase activities suggest that new pools of labile C may be used by microbes during ageing of casts.
References
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