Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen mineralization: challenges of a changing paradigm
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
A complete new conceptual model of the soil N cycle needs to incorporate recent research on plant–microbe competition and microsite processes to explain the dynamics of N across the wide range of N availability found in terrestrial ecosystems.Abstract:
Until recently, the common view of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle had been driven by two core assumptions—plants use only inorganic N and they compete poorly against soil microbes for N. Thus, plants were thought to use N that microbes “left over,” allowing the N cycle to be divided cleanly into two pieces—the microbial decomposition side and the plant uptake and use side. These were linked by the process of net mineralization. Over the last decade, research has changed these views. N cycling is now seen as being driven by the depolymerization of N-containing polymers by microbial (including mycorrhizal) extracellular enzymes. This releases organic N-containing monomers that may be used by either plants or microbes. However, a complete new conceptual model of the soil N cycle needs to incorporate recent research on plant–microbe competition and microsite processes to explain the dynamics of N across the wide range of N availability found in terrestrial ecosystems. We discuss the evolution of thinking abou...read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The unseen majority: Soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems
TL;DR: Overall, this review shows that soil microbes must be considered as important drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial stress‐response physiology and its implications for ecosystem function
TL;DR: It is suggested that more effectively integrating microbial ecology into ecosystem ecology will require a more complete integration of microbial physiological ecology, population biology, and process ecology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms
Alan Richardson,José Miguel Barea,Ann McNeill,Claire Prigent-Combaret,Claire Prigent-Combaret +4 more
TL;DR: Features of the rhizosphere that are important for nutrient acquisition from soil are reviewed, with specific emphasis on the characteristics of roots that influence the availability and uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature and soil organic matter decomposition rates – synthesis of current knowledge and a way forward
Richard T. Conant,Richard T. Conant,Michael G. Ryan,Göran I. Ågren,Hannah E. Birge,Eric A. Davidson,Peter E. Eliasson,Sarah E. Evans,Serita D. Frey,Christian P. Giardina,Francesca M. Hopkins,Riitta Hyvönen,Miko U. F. Kirschbaum,Jocelyn M. Lavallee,Jens Leifeld,William J. Parton,J. M. Steinweg,Matthew D. Wallenstein,J. Å. Martin Wetterstedt,Mark A. Bradford +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new conceptual model that explicitly identifies the processes controlling soil organic matter availability for decomposition and allows a more explicit description of the factors regulating OM decomposition under different circumstances is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant functional traits and soil carbon sequestration in contrasting biomes
TL;DR: It is proposed that a trait-based approach will help to develop strategies to preserve and promote carbon sequestration under global changes, and how the composition of key plant traits and soil biota related to carbon input, release and storage prevail in different biomes across the globe.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of mean pool abundances to interpret 15n tracer experiments. i, theory
TL;DR: Details are presented of a simple mathematical framework that allows 15N tracer experiments to be interpreted in terms of the main processes of the soil/plant nitrogen cycle and the rates of gross mineralization and nitrification and the crop nitrogen uptake occurring as ammonium and nitrate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen dynamics in Amazon forest and pasture soils measured by 15N pool dilution
Christopher Neill,Marisa de Cássia Piccolo,Jerry M. Melillo,Paul A. Steudler,Carlos Clemente Cerri +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared soil inorganic N concentrations, rates of net and gross mineralization and net and net nitrification in a chronosequence and an experimental slash-and-burn plot in Rondonia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gross nitrogen transformations in the organic layer of acid forest ecosystems subjected to increased atmospheric nitrogen input
Albert Tietema,Wim W. Wessel +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, gross nitrogen transformation rates were simultaneously determined in acid forest litter with the use of 15 N pool dilution, and the results indicated clear differences between the forest litter types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Degradation of 14C-labelled lignin and dehydropolymer of coniferyl alcohol by ericoid and ectomycorrhizal fungi.
TL;DR: The results indicate that ericoid mycorrhizal fungi are more effective in degrading lignin than ectomycorrhiza forms along a gradient of increasing organic matter and hence lign in content of soil.