Ocean warming since 1982 has expanded the niche of toxic algal blooms in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans.
Christopher J. Gobler,O. M. Doherty,Theresa K. Hattenrath-Lehmann,Andrew W. Griffith,Yoonja Kang,R. Wayne Litaker +5 more
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High-resolution sea-surface temperature records and temperature-dependent growth rates of two algae that produce potent biotoxins are used and it is concluded that increasing ocean temperature is an important factor facilitating the intensification of these, and likely other, HABs and thus contributes to an expanding human health threat.Abstract:
Global ocean temperatures are rising, yet the impacts of such changes on harmful algal blooms (HABs) are not fully understood. Here we used high-resolution sea-surface temperature records (1982 to 2016) and temperature-dependent growth rates of two algae that produce potent biotoxins, Alexandrium fundyense and Dinophysis acuminata, to evaluate recent changes in these HABs. For both species, potential mean annual growth rates and duration of bloom seasons significantly increased within many coastal Atlantic regions between 40°N and 60°N, where incidents of these HABs have emerged and expanded in recent decades. Widespread trends were less evident across the North Pacific, although regions were identified across the Salish Sea and along the Alaskan coastline where blooms have recently emerged, and there have been significant increases in the potential growth rates and duration of these HAB events. We conclude that increasing ocean temperature is an important factor facilitating the intensification of these, and likely other, HABs and thus contributes to an expanding human health threat.read more
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Widespread global increase in intense lake phytoplankton blooms since the 1980s
TL;DR: Three decades of high-resolution Landsat 5 satellite imagery are used to investigate long-term trends in intense summertime near-surface phytoplankton blooms for 71 large lakes globally, revealing a worldwide exacerbation of bloom conditions.
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Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms: Insights and perspective
TL;DR: Harmful Algae's first Special Issue on Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms is published, providing clear evidence that the field of HABs and climate change has matured and has, perhaps, reached a first plateau of certainty.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Change, Human Impacts, and Coastal Ecosystems in the Anthropocene
Qiang He,Brian R. Silliman +1 more
TL;DR: It is underscores that an enhanced understanding of interactions between climate change and local human impacts is of profound importance to improving predictions of climate change impacts, devising climate-smart conservation actions, and helping enhance adaption of coastal societies to climate change in the Anthropocene.
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Harmful algal blooms: A climate change co-stressor in marine and freshwater ecosystems.
TL;DR: Critical gaps in understanding of HABs as a climate change co-stressor must be addressed in order to develop management plans that adequately protect fisheries, aquaculture, aquatic ecosystems, and human health.
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Future HAB science: Directions and challenges in a changing climate.
Mark L. Wells,Mark L. Wells,Bengt Karlson,Angela Wulff,Raphael M. Kudela,Charles G. Trick,Valentina Asnaghi,Elisa Berdalet,William P. Cochlan,Keith Davidson,Maarten De Rijcke,Stephanie Dutkiewicz,Gustaaf M. Hallegraeff,Kevin J. Flynn,Catherine Legrand,Hans W. Paerl,Joe Silke,Sanna Suikkanen,Peter A. Thompson,Vera L. Trainer +19 more
TL;DR: There was consensus that alongside traditional research, HAB scientists must set new courses of research and practices to deliver the conceptual and quantitative advances required to forecast future HAB trends.
References
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Ecological responses to recent climate change.
Gian-Reto Walther,Eric Post,Peter Convey,Annette Menzel,Camille Parmesan,Trevor J. C. Beebee,Jean-Marc Fromentin,Ove Hoegh-Guldberg,Franz Bairlein +8 more
TL;DR: A review of the ecological impacts of recent climate change exposes a coherent pattern of ecological change across systems, from polar terrestrial to tropical marine environments.
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Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
Nick Rayner,David E. Parker,E. B. Horton,Chris K. Folland,Lisa V. Alexander,David P. Rowell,Elizabeth C. Kent,Alexey Kaplan +7 more
TL;DR: HadISST1 as mentioned in this paper replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1° latitude-longitude grid from 1871.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimates of the Regression Coefficient Based on Kendall's Tau
TL;DR: In this article, a simple and robust estimator of regression coefficient β based on Kendall's rank correlation tau is studied, where the point estimator is the median of the set of slopes (Yj - Yi )/(tj-ti ) joining pairs of points with ti ≠ ti.
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Rank correlation methods
TL;DR: The measurement of rank correlation was introduced in this paper, and rank correlation tied ranks tests of significance were applied to the problem of m ranking, and variate values were used to measure rank correlation.
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