Showing papers in "Harmful Algae in 2020"

TL;DR: Harmful Algae's first Special Issue on Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms is published, providing clear evidence that the field of HABs and climate change has matured and has, perhaps, reached a first plateau of certainty.

TL;DR: Critical gaps in understanding of HABs as a climate change co-stressor must be addressed in order to develop management plans that adequately protect fisheries, aquaculture, aquatic ecosystems, and human health.

TL;DR: There was consensus that alongside traditional research, HAB scientists must set new courses of research and practices to deliver the conceptual and quantitative advances required to forecast future HAB trends.

TL;DR: In a future ocean, non-harmful diatoms may be disproportionately stressed and mixotrophs advantaged due to changing nutrient stoichiometry and forms of nutrients, temperature, stratification and oceanic pH.

TL;DR: Time series now have sufficient duration to determine harmful algal bloom (HAB) responses to changing climate conditions, including warming, stratification intensity, freshwater inputs and natural patterns of climate variability, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillations.

TL;DR: A recent review as discussed by the authors advocates that to better predict and manage cyanoHABs in a changing world, researchers need to leverage studies undertaken to date, but adopt a more complex and definitive suite of experiments and models which can effectively capture the temporal scales of processes driven by eutrophication and a changing climate.

TL;DR: Beyond the effects of altered C concentrations and speciation on HABs, changes in pH in natural waters are likely to have profound effects on algal physiology, and the large regions of uncertainty with regard to this evolving field are pointed to.

TL;DR: How complex environmental interactions can influence abundance and potential range extensions of BHAB species in different biogeographic regions are hypothesized and sentinel sites appropriate for long-term monitoring programs to detect range extensions and reduce human health risks are identified.

TL;DR: To meet the CyanoHAB mitigation challenge, watershed and airshed-specific N and P input reductions on a sliding scale are needed to meet anthropogenic and climatic forcings.

TL;DR: This review assesses harmful algal bloom modeling in the context of climate change, examining modeling methodologies that are currently being used, approaches for representing climate processes, and time scales of HAB model projections.

TL;DR: This study highlighted gaps in the evidence base including a lack of formal surveillance and epidemiological studies, limited use of toxin measurements in human samples, and a scarcity of studies of chronic exposure to HABs.

TL;DR: To better predict and manage cyanoHABs in a changing world, researchers need to leverage studies undertaken to date, but adopt a more complex and definitive suite of experiments, observations, and models which can effectively capture the temporal scales of processes driven by eutrophication and a changing climate.

TL;DR: How omics data may be leveraged to improve predictions of how climate change will impact HAB dynamics is explored and important gaps in knowledge of HAB prediction are highlighted.

TL;DR: Evidence of temperature-mediated control of dormancy duration from the dinoflagellates Alexandrium catenella and Pyrodinium bahamense is reviewed and presented alongside new evidence of complementary, temperature-based control of cyst quiescence (the state in which cysts germinate on exposure to favorable conditions).

TL;DR: It appears that it is not possible to predict inter-annual fluctuations in cyanobacteria blooms from water chemistry, probably because year-to-year variations in FCA are significantly influenced by biological interactions.

TL;DR: The vast majority of survey participants (84%) were negatively impacted by the 2015 HAB, but individuals employed in fishing-related occupations experienced greater financial, emotional, and sociocultural impacts than those employed in other sectors.

TL;DR: It is shown that cyanobacterial biomasses and microcystin concentrations are higher in the bays and gulfs (B&Gs) than in the open lake (OL), with Microcystis and Dolichospermum as the dominant genera.

TL;DR: This work proposes renaming of anatoxin-a(S) to clarify its distinct structure and mechanism and to draw renewed attention to this potent natural poison, and proposes the new name guanitoxin (GNT) to emphasize its distinctive guanidino organophosphate chemical structure.

TL;DR: The present study represents a first attempt to study HAB species and other phytoplankton species in Jiaozhou Bay using the metabarcoding approach, which revealed substantially more algal species than previously identified and sets a solid foundation for further research on the mechanisms of HAB formation.

TL;DR: The results suggest that inhalation of aerosols may be an important pathway for exposure to cyanobacterial toxin, MC, and that Nasal MC concentrations were generally highest during periods when concentrations in the surrounding waters peaked.

TL;DR: CyanoTRACKER as discussed by the authors is a multi-cloud cyber-infrastructure for initial detection and continuous monitoring of spatio-temporal growth of Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms.

TL;DR: Monitoring data from countries adjacent to the Baltic Sea is presented to present spatial and temporal genus-specific distribution of diazotrophic filamentous cyanobacteria (Nostocales) during four decades (1979-2017).

TL;DR: A number of hypotheses attributing to this reduction of the scale of the green tide in 2017 were discussed, including reduced epiphytic green algae from aquaculture rafts and the influences of the massive pelagic S. horneri.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided for significant genetic and phenotypic variability among worldwide isolates, which points to the existence of a K. selliformis "species complex".

TL;DR: The study based on the growth phases of green tides could help to further understand the eutrophication mechanism in the green tide outbreaks in SYS.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that some HAB events can be forecasted over a year scale and the coupling between K-means and RF models could help in forecasting the development of the bloom-forming P. rubescens in Lake Geneva.

TL;DR: There are potential risks for DST accumulation in benthic animals in Japan because of the abundance of Prorocentrum and the molecular phylogeny, distribution, and DST production of P. lima complex and P. caipirignum in Japan.

TL;DR: The low CTX-like toxicities detected indicate that the potential risk of CP in the Balearic Islands is low, although, the presence of CTx-like and MTX- like toxicity in those strains reveal the necessity to monitor these genera in the Mediterranean Sea.

TL;DR: The ability of cultured strains to produce particulate DA (pDA) revealed production of pDA in twenty-nine strains belonging to seven species: P. yuensis and P. micropora, the first report of P. bipertita being toxic, and overall, the cellular toxin levels in Pseudo-nitzschia spp.

TL;DR: It is shown that cyanobacterial blooms can strongly affect the distribution, composition, and interactions of zooplankton and fish, sometimes in surprising ways, highlighting the need to further explore their impact on aquatic food webs.